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Johnson BJ, Munafo K, Shappell L, et al. The roles of mosquito and bird communities on the prevalence of West Nile virus in urban wetland and residential habitats. Urban Ecosyst. 2012;15(3):513-531doi: 10.1007/s11252-012-0248-1.
Johnson, B. J., Munafo, K., Shappell, L., Tsipoura, N., Robson, M., Ehrenfeld, J., & Sukhdeo, M. V. (2012). The roles of mosquito and bird communities on the prevalence of West Nile virus in urban wetland and residential habitats. Urban ecosystems, 15(3), 513-531. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-012-0248-1
Johnson, Brian J, et al. "The roles of mosquito and bird communities on the prevalence of West Nile virus in urban wetland and residential habitats." Urban ecosystems vol. 15,3 (2012): 513-531. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-012-0248-1
Johnson BJ, Munafo K, Shappell L, Tsipoura N, Robson M, Ehrenfeld J, Sukhdeo MV. The roles of mosquito and bird communities on the prevalence of West Nile virus in urban wetland and residential habitats. Urban Ecosyst. 2012 Sep;15(3):513-531. doi: 10.1007/s11252-012-0248-1. PMID: 25484570; PMCID: PMC4257491.
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Urban Ecosyst. 2012 Sep;15(3):513-531. doi: 10.1007/s11252-012-0248-1.

The roles of mosquito and bird communities on the prevalence of West Nile virus in urban wetland and residential habitats.

Urban ecosystems

Brian J Johnson, Kristin Munafo, Laura Shappell, Nellie Tsipoura, Mark Robson, Joan Ehrenfeld, Michael V K Sukhdeo

Affiliations

  1. Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA; DEENR, 152 ENR, 14 College Farm Road, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
  2. New Jersey Audubon Society, 9 Hardscrabble Road, Bernardsville, NJ 07924, USA.
  3. Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.

PMID: 25484570 PMCID: PMC4257491 DOI: 10.1007/s11252-012-0248-1

Abstract

This study investigated the impacts of urban wetlands and their adjacent residential environments on the transmission dynamics of West Nile virus (WNV) within the state of New Jersey (USA). A working hypothesis was that urban wetlands decrease the local prevalence of WNV through the dilution effect from increased bird diversity, and through relative reductions in the numbers of competent avian host and mosquito species commonly associated with WNV. Surveys of mosquito and bird communities were undertaken at six urban wetlands and their adjacent residential environments over two seasons (2009, 2010). The community compositions of both avian and mosquito species differed significantly across habitats, and over relatively short geographical distances. Residential areas contained significantly higher proportions of WNV-competent mosquito species (31.25±5.3 %; e.g.

Keywords: Conservation; Dilution Effect; Urban Mosaic; Urbanization; West Nile Virus

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