Addict Disord Their Treat. 2015 Mar;14(1):53-59. doi: 10.1097/ADT.0000000000000036.
Alcohol Use Disorders: Translational Utility of DSM-IV Liabilities to the DSM-5 System.
Addictive disorders & their treatment
Andrew M Kiselica, Amy M Cohn, Brett T Hagman
Affiliations
Affiliations
- University of South Florida Psychology Department.
- Schroeder Institute for Tobacco Research and Policy Studies, American Legacy Foundation.
- Division of Treatment and Recovery Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.
PMID: 25750592
PMCID: PMC4349434 DOI: 10.1097/ADT.0000000000000036
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Young adults have some of the highest rates of problem drinking and alcohol use disorders (AUDs) relative to any other age. However, recent evidence suggests that the DSM-IV hierarchical classification system of AUDs does not validly represent symptoms in the population; instead, it evinces a unitary, dimensional classification scheme. The DSM-5 has been altered to fit this changing, evidence-based conceptualization. Nevertheless, little is understood about the degree to which known risk factors for DSM-IV AUD diagnoses will transfer to the new DSM-5 guidelines in this group of high-risk drinkers. The current study built a coherent model of liabilities for DSM-IV AUDs in young adults and tested for transferability to DSM-5.
METHODS: N = 496 college students (51.10% male) were assessed on a variety of factors related to AUD risk, including demographics, substance use (past 90-days), and drinking motives. Liability models were created using all variables in Structural Equation Modeling to test direct and indirect effects on DSM diagnostic status. The best model under the DSM-IV was chosen based on fit and parsimony. This model was then applied to the DSM-5 system to test for transferability.
RESULTS: The best the fitting model for DSM-IV included direct influences of drug use, quantity-frequency of alcohol consumption, and social and coping drinking motives. Improved model fit was found when the DSM-5 system was the outcome.
CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge of risk factors for AUDs appear to transfer well to the new diagnostic system.
Keywords: Alcohol Use Disorders; DSM-5; DSM-IV; Drinking; Risk Factors
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