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Simonetti JA, Gingo MR, Kingsley L, et al. Pulmonary Function in HIV-Infected Recreational Drug Users in the Era of Anti-Retroviral Therapy. J AIDS Clin Res. 2014;5(11)doi: 10.4172/2155-6113.1000365.
Simonetti, J. A., Gingo, M. R., Kingsley, L., Kessinger, C., Lucht, L., Balasubramani, G., Leader, J. K., Huang, L., Greenblatt, R. M., Dermand, J., Kleerup, E. C., & Morris, A. (2014). Pulmonary Function in HIV-Infected Recreational Drug Users in the Era of Anti-Retroviral Therapy. Journal of AIDS & clinical research, 5(11), . https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6113.1000365
Simonetti, Joseph A, et al. "Pulmonary Function in HIV-Infected Recreational Drug Users in the Era of Anti-Retroviral Therapy." Journal of AIDS & clinical research vol. 5,11 (2014). doi: https://doi.org/10.4172/2155-6113.1000365
Simonetti JA, Gingo MR, Kingsley L, Kessinger C, Lucht L, Balasubramani G, Leader JK, Huang L, Greenblatt RM, Dermand J, Kleerup EC, Morris A. Pulmonary Function in HIV-Infected Recreational Drug Users in the Era of Anti-Retroviral Therapy. J AIDS Clin Res. 2014 Nov;5(11). doi: 10.4172/2155-6113.1000365. PMID: 25664201; PMCID: PMC4318265.
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J AIDS Clin Res. 2014 Nov;5(11). doi: 10.4172/2155-6113.1000365.

Pulmonary Function in HIV-Infected Recreational Drug Users in the Era of Anti-Retroviral Therapy.

Journal of AIDS & clinical research

Joseph A Simonetti, Matthew R Gingo, Lawrence Kingsley, Cathy Kessinger, Lorrie Lucht, Gk Balasubramani, Joseph K Leader, Laurence Huang, Ruth M Greenblatt, John Dermand, Eric C Kleerup, Alison Morris

Affiliations

  1. Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
  2. Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
  3. Division of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
  4. Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
  5. Imaging Research Division, Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
  6. Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  7. Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA ; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  8. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  9. Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

PMID: 25664201 PMCID: PMC4318265 DOI: 10.4172/2155-6113.1000365

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Individuals with HIV infection commonly have pulmonary function abnormalities, including airflow obstruction and diffusion impairment, which may be more prevalent among recreational drug users. To date, the relationship between drug use and pulmonary function abnormalities among those with HIV remains unclear.

OBJECTIVE: To determine associations between recreational drug use and airflow obstruction, diffusion impairment, and radiographic emphysema in men and women with HIV.

METHODS: Cross-sectional analysis of pulmonary function and self-reported recreational drug use data from a cohort of 121 men and 63 women with HIV. Primary outcomes were the presence (yes/no) of: 1) airflow obstruction, (pre- or post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity<0.70); 2) moderate diffusion impairment (diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide <60% predicted); and 3) radiographic emphysema (>1% of lung voxels <-950 Hounsfield units). Exposures of interest were frequency of recreational drug use, recent (since last study visit) drug use, and any lifetime drug use. We used logistic regression to determine associations between recreational drug use and the primary outcomes.

RESULTS: HIV-infected men and women reported recent recreational drug use at 56.0% and 31.0% of their study visits, respectively, and 48.8% of men and 39.7% of women reported drug use since their last study visit. Drug use was not associated with airway obstruction or radiographic emphysema in men or women. Recent crack cocaine use was independently associated with moderate diffusion impairment in women (odds ratio 17.6; 95% confidence interval 1.3-249.6, p=0.03).

CONCLUSIONS: In this cross-sectional analysis, we found that recreational drug use was common among HIV-infected men and women and recent crack cocaine use was associated with moderate diffusion impairment in women. Given the increasing prevalence of HIV infection, any relationship between drug use and prevalence or severity of chronic pulmonary diseases could have a significant impact on HIV and chronic disease management.

Keywords: COPD; Cocaine; Diffusion impairment; Drug use; Emphysema; HIV; Pulmonary function

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