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Frohnert A, Kreißel K, Lipp P, et al. Removal of Surrogate Bacteriophages and Enteric Viruses from Seeded Environmental Waters Using a Semi-technical Ultrafiltration Unit. Food Environ Virol. 2015;doi: 10.1007/s12560-015-9190-8.
Frohnert, A., Kreißel, K., Lipp, P., Dizer, H., Hambsch, B., Szewzyk, R., & Selinka, H. C. (2015). Removal of Surrogate Bacteriophages and Enteric Viruses from Seeded Environmental Waters Using a Semi-technical Ultrafiltration Unit. Food and environmental virology, . https://doi.org/10.1007/s12560-015-9190-8
Frohnert, Anne, et al. "Removal of Surrogate Bacteriophages and Enteric Viruses from Seeded Environmental Waters Using a Semi-technical Ultrafiltration Unit." Food and environmental virology vol. (2015). doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12560-015-9190-8
Frohnert A, Kreißel K, Lipp P, Dizer H, Hambsch B, Szewzyk R, Selinka HC. Removal of Surrogate Bacteriophages and Enteric Viruses from Seeded Environmental Waters Using a Semi-technical Ultrafiltration Unit. Food Environ Virol. 2015 Mar 19; doi: 10.1007/s12560-015-9190-8. Epub 2015 Mar 19. PMID: 25786890.
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Food Environ Virol. 2015 Mar 19; doi: 10.1007/s12560-015-9190-8. Epub 2015 Mar 19.

Removal of Surrogate Bacteriophages and Enteric Viruses from Seeded Environmental Waters Using a Semi-technical Ultrafiltration Unit.

Food and environmental virology

Anne Frohnert, Katja Kreißel, Pia Lipp, Halim Dizer, Beate Hambsch, Regine Szewzyk, Hans-Christoph Selinka

Affiliations

  1. Federal Environment Agency, Section II 1.4 Microbiological Risks, Corrensplatz 1, 14195, Berlin, Germany.

PMID: 25786890 DOI: 10.1007/s12560-015-9190-8

Abstract

Experiments to determine the removal of viruses in different types of water (surface water from two reservoirs for drinking water treatment, treated groundwater and groundwater contaminated with either 5 or 30 % of wastewater) by ultrafiltration were performed with a semi-technical ultrafiltration unit. Concentrations of human adenoviruses (HAdVs), murine norovirus (MNV), and the bacteriophages MS2, ΦX174 and PRD1 were measured in the feed water and the filtrate, and log removal values were calculated. Bacteria added to the feed water were not detected in the filtrates. In contrast, in most cases viruses and bacteriophages were still present in the filtrates: log removal values were in the range of 1.4-6.3 depending on virus sizes and water qualities. Best removals were observed with bacteriophage PRD1 and HAdVs, followed by MNV and phages MS2 and ΦX174. Virus size, however, was not the only criterion for efficient removal. In diluted wastewater as compared to drinking water and uncontaminated environmental waters, virus removal was clearly higher for all viruses, most likely due to higher membrane fouling. For quality assessment purposes of membrane filtration efficiencies with regard to the elimination of human viruses the small bacteriophages MS2 and ΦX174 should be used as conservative viral indicators.

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