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Ariyoshi K, Okuya S, Kunitsugu I, et al. Ultrasound analysis of gray-scale median value of carotid plaques is a useful reference index for cerebro-cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Investig. 2014;6(1):91-7doi: 10.1111/jdi.12242.
Ariyoshi, K., Okuya, S., Kunitsugu, I., Matsunaga, K., Nagao, Y., Nomiyama, R., Takeda, K., & Tanizawa, Y. (2015). Ultrasound analysis of gray-scale median value of carotid plaques is a useful reference index for cerebro-cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes. Journal of diabetes investigation, 6(1), 91-7. https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.12242
Ariyoshi, Kyoko, et al. "Ultrasound analysis of gray-scale median value of carotid plaques is a useful reference index for cerebro-cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes." Journal of diabetes investigation vol. 6,1 (2015): 91-7. doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/jdi.12242
Ariyoshi K, Okuya S, Kunitsugu I, Matsunaga K, Nagao Y, Nomiyama R, Takeda K, Tanizawa Y. Ultrasound analysis of gray-scale median value of carotid plaques is a useful reference index for cerebro-cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Investig. 2015 Jan;6(1):91-7. doi: 10.1111/jdi.12242. Epub 2014 Jun 10. PMID: 25621138; PMCID: PMC4296708.
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J Diabetes Investig. 2015 Jan;6(1):91-7. doi: 10.1111/jdi.12242. Epub 2014 Jun 10.

Ultrasound analysis of gray-scale median value of carotid plaques is a useful reference index for cerebro-cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Journal of diabetes investigation

Kyoko Ariyoshi, Shigeru Okuya, Ichiro Kunitsugu, Kimie Matsunaga, Yuko Nagao, Ryuta Nomiyama, Komei Takeda, Yukio Tanizawa

Affiliations

  1. Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, Hematological Sciences, and Therapeutics, Department of Bio-Signal Analysis, Yamaguchi University Graduate of Medicine Ube, Japan.
  2. Health Administration Center, Yamaguchi University Organization for University Education Yamaguchi, Japan.
  3. Department of Public Health, Yamaguchi University Graduate of Medicine Ube, Japan.

PMID: 25621138 PMCID: PMC4296708 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12242

Abstract

AIMS/INTRODUCTION: Measurements of plaque echogenicity, the gray-scale median (GSM), were shown to correlate inversely with risk factors for cerebro-cardiovascular disease (CVD). The eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)/arachidonic acid (AA) ratio is a potential predictor of CVD risk. In the present study, we assessed the usefulness of carotid plaque GSM values and EPA/AA ratios in atherosclerotic diabetics.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 84 type 2 diabetics with carotid artery plaques were enrolled. On admission, platelet aggregation and lipid profiles, including EPA and AA, were examined. Using ultrasound, mean intima media thickness and plaque score were measured in carotid arteries. Plaque echogenicity was evaluated using computer-assisted quantification of GSM. The patients were then further observed for approximately 3 years.

RESULTS: Gray-scale median was found to be a good marker of CVD events. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, GSM <32 and plaque score ≥5 were significantly associated with past history and onset of CVD during the follow-up period, the odds ratios being 7.730 (P = 0.014) and 4.601 (P = 0.046), respectively. EPA/AA showed a significant correlation with GSM (P = 0.012) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = 0.039), and an inverse correlation with platelet aggregation (P = 0.046) and triglyceride (P = 0.020). Although most patients with CVD had both low GSM and low EPA/AA values, an association of EPA/AA with CVD events could not be statistically confirmed.

CONCLUSIONS: The present results suggest the GSM value to be useful as a reference index for CVD events in high-risk atherosclerotic diabetics. Associations of the EPA/AA ratio with known CVD risk factors warrant a larger and more extensive study to show the usefulness of this parameter.

Keywords: Atherosclerosis; Eicosapentaenoic acid; Plaque echogenicity

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