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Ward MR, Jamieson WJ, Leckey CA, et al. Laser-induced nucleation of carbon dioxide bubbles. J Chem Phys. 2015;142(14):144501doi: 10.1063/1.4917022.
Ward, M. R., Jamieson, W. J., Leckey, C. A., & Alexander, A. J. (2015). Laser-induced nucleation of carbon dioxide bubbles. The Journal of chemical physics, 142(14), 144501. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4917022
Ward, Martin R, et al. "Laser-induced nucleation of carbon dioxide bubbles." The Journal of chemical physics vol. 142,14 (2015): 144501. doi: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4917022
Ward MR, Jamieson WJ, Leckey CA, Alexander AJ. Laser-induced nucleation of carbon dioxide bubbles. J Chem Phys. 2015 Apr 14;142(14):144501. doi: 10.1063/1.4917022. PMID: 25877584.
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J Chem Phys. 2015 Apr 14;142(14):144501. doi: 10.1063/1.4917022.

Laser-induced nucleation of carbon dioxide bubbles.

The Journal of chemical physics

Martin R Ward, William J Jamieson, Claire A Leckey, Andrew J Alexander

Affiliations

  1. School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JJ, Scotland.

PMID: 25877584 DOI: 10.1063/1.4917022

Abstract

A detailed experimental study of laser-induced nucleation (LIN) of carbon dioxide (CO2) gas bubbles is presented. Water and aqueous sucrose solutions supersaturated with CO2 were exposed to single nanosecond pulses (5 ns, 532 nm, 2.4-14.5 MW cm(-2)) and femtosecond pulses (110 fs, 800 nm, 0.028-11 GW cm(-2)) of laser light. No bubbles were observed with the femtosecond pulses, even at high peak power densities (11 GW cm(-2)). For the nanosecond pulses, the number of bubbles produced per pulse showed a quadratic dependence on laser power, with a distinct power threshold below which no bubbles were observed. The number of bubbles observed increases linearly with sucrose concentration. It was found that filtering of solutions reduces the number of bubbles significantly. Although the femtosecond pulses have higher peak power densities than the nanosecond pulses, they have lower energy densities per pulse. A simple model for LIN of CO2 is presented, based on heating of nanoparticles to produce vapor bubbles that must expand to reach a critical bubble radius to continue growth. The results suggest that non-photochemical laser-induced nucleation of crystals could also be caused by heating of nanoparticles.

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