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Nelis S, Holmes EA, Palmieri R, et al. Thinking Back about a Positive Event: The Impact of Processing Style on Positive Affect. Front Psychiatry. 2015;6:3doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00003.
Nelis, S., Holmes, E. A., Palmieri, R., Bellelli, G., & Raes, F. (2015). Thinking Back about a Positive Event: The Impact of Processing Style on Positive Affect. Frontiers in psychiatry, 63. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00003
Nelis, Sabine, et al. "Thinking Back about a Positive Event: The Impact of Processing Style on Positive Affect." Frontiers in psychiatry vol. 6 (2015): 3. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00003
Nelis S, Holmes EA, Palmieri R, Bellelli G, Raes F. Thinking Back about a Positive Event: The Impact of Processing Style on Positive Affect. Front Psychiatry. 2015 Mar 09;6:3. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00003. eCollection 2015. PMID: 25806003; PMCID: PMC4353183.
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Front Psychiatry. 2015 Mar 09;6:3. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00003. eCollection 2015.

Thinking Back about a Positive Event: The Impact of Processing Style on Positive Affect.

Frontiers in psychiatry

Sabine Nelis, Emily A Holmes, Rosa Palmieri, Guglielmo Bellelli, Filip Raes

Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven - University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium.
  2. MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit , Cambridge , UK ; Department for Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet , Stockholm , Sweden.
  3. Libera Università Maria Ss. Assunta (LUMSA) University , Taranto , Italy ; EMPEA: Clinical Research Centre for Cognitive-Behavioral Psychotherapy , Bari , Italy.
  4. University of Bari Aldo Moro , Bari , Italy.

PMID: 25806003 PMCID: PMC4353183 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2015.00003

Abstract

The manner in which individuals recall an autobiographical positive life event has affective consequences. Two studies addressed the processing styles during positive memory recall in a non-clinical sample. Participants retrieved a positive memory, which was self-generated (Study 1, n = 70) or experimenter-chosen (i.e., academic achievement, Study 2, n = 159), followed by the induction of one of three processing styles (between-subjects): in Study 1, a "concrete/imagery" vs. "abstract/verbal" processing style was compared. In Study 2, a "concrete/imagery," "abstract/verbal," and "comparative/verbal" processing style were compared. The processing of a personal memory in a concrete/imagery-based way led to a larger increase in positive affect compared to abstract/verbal processing in Study 1, as well as compared to comparative/verbal thinking in Study 2. Results of Study 2 further suggest that it is making unfavorable verbal comparisons that may hinder affective benefits to positive memories (rather than general abstract/verbal processing per se). The comparative/verbal thinking style failed to lead to improvements in positive affect, and with increasing levels of depressive symptoms it had a more negative impact on change in positive affect. We found no evidence that participant's tendency to have dampening thoughts in response to positive affect in daily life contributed to the affective impact of positive memory recall. The results support the potential for current trainings in boosting positive memories and mental imagery, and underline the search for parameters that determine at times deleterious outcomes of abstract/verbal memory processing in the face of positive information.

Keywords: abstract/verbal processing; memory; mental imagery; positive; processing style; recall

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