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Gierz I, Mitrano M, Petersen JC, et al. Population inversion in monolayer and bilayer graphene. J Phys Condens Matter. 2015;27(16):164204doi: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/16/164204.
Gierz, I., Mitrano, M., Petersen, J. C., Cacho, C., Turcu, I. C., Springate, E., Stöhr, A., Köhler, A., Starke, U., & Cavalleri, A. (2015). Population inversion in monolayer and bilayer graphene. Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal, 27(16), 164204. https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/27/16/164204
Gierz, Isabella, et al. "Population inversion in monolayer and bilayer graphene." Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal vol. 27,16 (2015): 164204. doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/27/16/164204
Gierz I, Mitrano M, Petersen JC, Cacho C, Turcu IC, Springate E, Stöhr A, Köhler A, Starke U, Cavalleri A. Population inversion in monolayer and bilayer graphene. J Phys Condens Matter. 2015 Apr 29;27(16):164204. doi: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/16/164204. Epub 2015 Apr 02. PMID: 25835083.
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J Phys Condens Matter. 2015 Apr 29;27(16):164204. doi: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/16/164204. Epub 2015 Apr 02.

Population inversion in monolayer and bilayer graphene.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal

Isabella Gierz, Matteo Mitrano, Jesse C Petersen, Cephise Cacho, I C Edmond Turcu, Emma Springate, Alexander Stöhr, Axel Köhler, Ulrich Starke, Andrea Cavalleri

Affiliations

  1. Max Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149 22761, Hamburg, Germany.

PMID: 25835083 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/16/164204

Abstract

The recent demonstration of saturable absorption and negative optical conductivity in the Terahertz range in graphene has opened up new opportunities for optoelectronic applications based on this and other low dimensional materials. Recently, population inversion across the Dirac point has been observed directly by time- and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (tr-ARPES), revealing a relaxation time of only ∼130 femtoseconds. This severely limits the applicability of single layer graphene to, for example, Terahertz light amplification. Here we use tr-ARPES to demonstrate long-lived population inversion in bilayer graphene. The effect is attributed to the small band gap found in this compound. We propose a microscopic model for these observations and speculate that an enhancement of both the pump photon energy and the pump fluence may further increase this lifetime.

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