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Peirson L, Fitzpatrick-Lewis D, Morrison K, et al. Prevention of overweight and obesity in children and youth: a systematic review and meta-analysis. CMAJ Open. 2015;3(1):E23-33doi: 10.9778/cmajo.20140053.
Peirson, L., Fitzpatrick-Lewis, D., Morrison, K., Ciliska, D., Kenny, M., Usman Ali, M., & Raina, P. (2015). Prevention of overweight and obesity in children and youth: a systematic review and meta-analysis. CMAJ open, 3(1), E23-33. https://doi.org/10.9778/cmajo.20140053
Peirson, Leslea, et al. "Prevention of overweight and obesity in children and youth: a systematic review and meta-analysis." CMAJ open vol. 3,1 (2015): E23-33. doi: https://doi.org/10.9778/cmajo.20140053
Peirson L, Fitzpatrick-Lewis D, Morrison K, Ciliska D, Kenny M, Usman Ali M, Raina P. Prevention of overweight and obesity in children and youth: a systematic review and meta-analysis. CMAJ Open. 2015 Jan 13;3(1):E23-33. doi: 10.9778/cmajo.20140053. eCollection 2015. PMID: 25844367; PMCID: PMC4382039.
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CMAJ Open. 2015 Jan 13;3(1):E23-33. doi: 10.9778/cmajo.20140053. eCollection 2015.

Prevention of overweight and obesity in children and youth: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

CMAJ open

Leslea Peirson, Donna Fitzpatrick-Lewis, Katherine Morrison, Donna Ciliska, Meghan Kenny, Muhammad Usman Ali, Parminder Raina

Affiliations

  1. McMaster Evidence Review and Synthesis Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. ; School of Nursing, Master University, Hamilton, Ont.
  2. Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.
  3. McMaster Evidence Review and Synthesis Centre, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont. ; Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ont.

PMID: 25844367 PMCID: PMC4382039 DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20140053

Abstract

BACKGROUND: One-third of Canadian children are overweight or obese. This problem carries considerable concern for negative impacts on current and future health. Promoting healthy growth and development is critical. This review synthesized evidence on the effectiveness of behavioural interventions for preventing overweight and obesity in children and adolescents.

METHODS: We updated the search of a previous Cochrane review. Five databases were searched up to August 2013. Randomized trials of primary care-relevant behavioural (diet, exercise and lifestyle) interventions for preventing overweight and obesity in healthy normal- or mixed-weight children or youth aged 0-18 years were included if 12-week postbaseline data were provided for body mass index (BMI), BMI z-score, or prevalence of overweight or obesity. Any study reporting harms was included. Meta-analyses were performed if possible. Features of interventions showing significant benefits were examined.

RESULTS: Ninety studies were included, all with mixed-weight populations. Compared with controls, interventions showed a small but significant effect on BMI and BMI z-score (standardized mean difference -0.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.10 to -0.03, I (2) = 74%), a reduction in BMI (mean difference -0.09 kg/m(2), 95% CI -0.16 to -0.03, I (2) = 76%) and a reduced prevalence of overweight and obesity (risk ratio [RR]; RRintervention - RRcontrol 0.94, 95% CI 0.89 to 0.99, I (2) = 0%; number needed to treat 51, 95% CI 29 to 289). Little evidence was available on harms. There was variability across efficacious interventions, although many of the interventions were short-term, involved school-aged children and were delivered in educational settings.

INTERPRETATION: Behavioural prevention interventions are associated with small improvements in weight outcomes in mixed-weight populations of children and adolescents. No intervention strategy consistently produced benefits.

REGISTRATION: PROSPERO no. CRD42012002754.

Keywords: This article has been peer reviewed.

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