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Shemesh-Mayer E, Ben-Michael T, Rotem N, et al. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) fertility: transcriptome and proteome analyses provide insight into flower and pollen development. Front Plant Sci. 2015;6:271doi: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00271.
Shemesh-Mayer, E., Ben-Michael, T., Rotem, N., Rabinowitch, H. D., Doron-Faigenboim, A., Kosmala, A., Perlikowski, D., Sherman, A., & Kamenetsky, R. (2015). Garlic (Allium sativum L.) fertility: transcriptome and proteome analyses provide insight into flower and pollen development. Frontiers in plant science, 6271. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00271
Shemesh-Mayer, Einat, et al. "Garlic (Allium sativum L.) fertility: transcriptome and proteome analyses provide insight into flower and pollen development." Frontiers in plant science vol. 6 (2015): 271. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2015.00271
Shemesh-Mayer E, Ben-Michael T, Rotem N, Rabinowitch HD, Doron-Faigenboim A, Kosmala A, Perlikowski D, Sherman A, Kamenetsky R. Garlic (Allium sativum L.) fertility: transcriptome and proteome analyses provide insight into flower and pollen development. Front Plant Sci. 2015 Apr 28;6:271. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00271. eCollection 2015. PMID: 25972879; PMCID: PMC4411974.
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Front Plant Sci. 2015 Apr 28;6:271. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00271. eCollection 2015.

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) fertility: transcriptome and proteome analyses provide insight into flower and pollen development.

Frontiers in plant science

Einat Shemesh-Mayer, Tomer Ben-Michael, Neta Rotem, Haim D Rabinowitch, Adi Doron-Faigenboim, Arkadiusz Kosmala, Dawid Perlikowski, Amir Sherman, Rina Kamenetsky

Affiliations

  1. Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Institute of Plant Science Bet Dagan, Israel ; The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Science and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Rehovot, Israel.
  2. The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Robert H. Smith Institute of Plant Science and Genetics in Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Rehovot, Israel.
  3. Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Institute of Plant Science Bet Dagan, Israel.
  4. Department of Environmental Stress Biology, Institute of Plant Genetics of the Polish Academy of Sciences Poznan, Poland.

PMID: 25972879 PMCID: PMC4411974 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00271

Abstract

Commercial cultivars of garlic, a popular condiment, are sterile, making genetic studies and breeding of this plant challenging. However, recent fertility restoration has enabled advanced physiological and genetic research and hybridization in this important crop. Morphophysiological studies, combined with transcriptome and proteome analyses and quantitative PCR validation, enabled the identification of genes and specific processes involved in gametogenesis in fertile and male-sterile garlic genotypes. Both genotypes exhibit normal meiosis at early stages of anther development, but in the male-sterile plants, tapetal hypertrophy after microspore release leads to pollen degeneration. Transcriptome analysis and global gene-expression profiling showed that >16,000 genes are differentially expressed in the fertile vs. male-sterile developing flowers. Proteome analysis and quantitative comparison of 2D-gel protein maps revealed 36 significantly different protein spots, 9 of which were present only in the male-sterile genotype. Bioinformatic and quantitative PCR validation of 10 candidate genes exhibited significant expression differences between male-sterile and fertile flowers. A comparison of morphophysiological and molecular traits of fertile and male-sterile garlic flowers suggests that respiratory restrictions and/or non-regulated programmed cell death of the tapetum can lead to energy deficiency and consequent pollen abortion. Potential molecular markers for male fertility and sterility in garlic are proposed.

Keywords: energy deficiency; gene expression; microsporogenesis; mitochondrial dysfunction; protein profiling; tapetum

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