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Skrzypczyk P, Silva R, Brunner N. Passivity, complete passivity, and virtual temperatures. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2015;91(5):052133doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.91.052133.
Skrzypczyk, P., Silva, R., & Brunner, N. (2015). Passivity, complete passivity, and virtual temperatures. Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics, 91(5), 052133. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.91.052133
Skrzypczyk, Paul, et al. "Passivity, complete passivity, and virtual temperatures." Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics vol. 91,5 (2015): 052133. doi: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.91.052133
Skrzypczyk P, Silva R, Brunner N. Passivity, complete passivity, and virtual temperatures. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2015 May;91(5):052133. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.91.052133. Epub 2015 May 19. PMID: 26066145.
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Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2015 May;91(5):052133. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevE.91.052133. Epub 2015 May 19.

Passivity, complete passivity, and virtual temperatures.

Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics

Paul Skrzypczyk, Ralph Silva, Nicolas Brunner

Affiliations

  1. ICFO-Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, Mediterranean Technology Park, 08860 Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain.
  2. H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, United Kingdom.
  3. Département de Physique Théorique, Université de Genève, 1211 Genève, Switzerland.

PMID: 26066145 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.91.052133

Abstract

We give a simple and intuitive proof that the only states which are completely passive, i.e., those states from which work cannot be extracted even with infinitely many copies, are Gibbs states at positive temperatures. The proof makes use of the idea of virtual temperatures, i.e., the association of temperatures to pairs of energy levels (transitions). We show that (1) passive states are those where every transition is at a positive temperature and (2) completely passive states are those where every transition is at the same positive temperature.

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