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Keller SP, Halperin HR. Cardiac arrest: the changing incidence of ventricular fibrillation. Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med. 2015;17(7):392doi: 10.1007/s11936-015-0392-z.
Keller, S. P., & Halperin, H. R. (2015). Cardiac arrest: the changing incidence of ventricular fibrillation. Current treatment options in cardiovascular medicine, 17(7), 392. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11936-015-0392-z
Keller, Steven P, and Halperin, Henry R. "Cardiac arrest: the changing incidence of ventricular fibrillation." Current treatment options in cardiovascular medicine vol. 17,7 (2015): 392. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11936-015-0392-z
Keller SP, Halperin HR. Cardiac arrest: the changing incidence of ventricular fibrillation. Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med. 2015 Jul;17(7):392. doi: 10.1007/s11936-015-0392-z. PMID: 25981196; PMCID: PMC4592695.
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Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med. 2015 Jul;17(7):392. doi: 10.1007/s11936-015-0392-z.

Cardiac arrest: the changing incidence of ventricular fibrillation.

Current treatment options in cardiovascular medicine

Steven P Keller, Henry R Halperin

Affiliations

  1. Department of Critical Care Medicine, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Room 2C145, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1662, USA, [email protected].

PMID: 25981196 PMCID: PMC4592695 DOI: 10.1007/s11936-015-0392-z

Abstract

OPINION STATEMENT: There are more than 300,000 out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) in the USA annually, which can be grouped into those presenting with tachyarrhythmic (shockable) rhythms and those presenting with non-tachyarrhythmic rhythms. The incidence of tachyarrhythmic rhythms, which include ventricular fibrillation (VF) and pulseless ventricular tachycardia (VT), has been noted to be progressively decreasing in multiple studies of OHCA. Improved medical and surgical therapies for ischemic heart disease, and the widespread use of implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICDs), have likely contributed to a declining incidence of VF arrest and may result in conversion of an otherwise VF event into a pulseless electrical activity (PEA) arrest. As the incidence of VF has declined, it is unclear if the absolute incidence of non-tachyarrhythmic rhythms has increased or remained largely unchanged. This article discusses the changing rates of presenting rhythms in sudden cardiac arrest, the underlying cellular mechanisms of PEA, the factors contributing to the relative increase in the rate of PEA arrests, and current treatment options.

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