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Gonzalez AM, Hoffman JR, Wells AJ, et al. Effects of time-release caffeine containing supplement on metabolic rate, glycerol concentration and performance. J Sports Sci Med. 2015;14(2):322-32
Gonzalez, A. M., Hoffman, J. R., Wells, A. J., Mangine, G. T., Townsend, J. R., Jajtner, A. R., Wang, R., Miramonti, A. A., Pruna, G. J., LaMonica, M. B., Bohner, J. D., Hoffman, M. W., Oliveira, L. P., Fukuda, D. H., Fragala, M. S., & Stout, J. R. (2015). Effects of time-release caffeine containing supplement on metabolic rate, glycerol concentration and performance. Journal of sports science & medicine, 14(2), 322-32.
Gonzalez, Adam M, et al. "Effects of time-release caffeine containing supplement on metabolic rate, glycerol concentration and performance." Journal of sports science & medicine vol. 14,2 (2015): 322-32.
Gonzalez AM, Hoffman JR, Wells AJ, Mangine GT, Townsend JR, Jajtner AR, Wang R, Miramonti AA, Pruna GJ, LaMonica MB, Bohner JD, Hoffman MW, Oliveira LP, Fukuda DH, Fragala MS, Stout JR. Effects of time-release caffeine containing supplement on metabolic rate, glycerol concentration and performance. J Sports Sci Med. 2015 May 08;14(2):322-32. eCollection 2015 Jun. PMID: 25983581; PMCID: PMC4424461.
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J Sports Sci Med. 2015 May 08;14(2):322-32. eCollection 2015 Jun.

Effects of time-release caffeine containing supplement on metabolic rate, glycerol concentration and performance.

Journal of sports science & medicine

Adam M Gonzalez, Jay R Hoffman, Adam J Wells, Gerald T Mangine, Jeremy R Townsend, Adam R Jajtner, Ran Wang, Amelia A Miramonti, Gabriel J Pruna, Michael B LaMonica, Jonathan D Bohner, Mattan W Hoffman, Leonardo P Oliveira, David H Fukuda, Maren S Fragala, Jeffrey R Stout

Affiliations

  1. Institute of Exercise Physiology and Wellness, Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Florida , Orlando, FL USA.

PMID: 25983581 PMCID: PMC4424461

Abstract

This study compared caffeine pharmacokinetics, glycerol concentrations, metabolic rate, and performance measures following ingestion of a time-release caffeine containing supplement (TR-CAF) versus a regular caffeine capsule (CAF) and a placebo (PL). Following a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, cross-over design, ten males (25.9 ± 3.2 y) who regularly consume caffeine ingested capsules containing either TR-CAF, CAF, or PL. Blood draws and performance measures occurred at every hour over an 8-hour period. Plasma caffeine concentrations were significantly greater (p < 0.05) in CAF compared to TR-CAF during hours 2-5 and significantly greater (p = 0.042) in TR-CAF compared to CAF at hour 8. There were no significant differences between trials in glycerol concentrations (p = 0.86) or metabolic measures (p = 0.17-0.91). Physical reaction time was significantly improved for CAF at hour 5 (p=0.01) compared to PL. Average upper body reaction time was significantly improved for CAF and TR-CAF during hours 1-4 (p = 0.04 and p = 0.01, respectively) and over the 8-hour period (p = 0.04 and p = 0.001, respectively) compared to PL. Average upper body reaction time was also significantly improved for TR-CAF compared to PL during hours 5-8 (p = 0.004). TR-CAF and CAF showed distinct pharmacokinetics yielding modest effects on reaction time, yet did not alter glycerol concentration, metabolic measures, or other performance measures. Key pointsTime-release caffeine and regular caffeine showed distinct pharmacokinetics over an 8-hour period following ingestion.Time-release caffeine and regular caffeine yielded modest effects on reaction time over an 8-hour period following ingestion.Time-release caffeine and regular caffeine did not alter glycerol concentration, metabolic measures, or other performance measures over an 8-hour period following ingestion.

Keywords: Caffeine bioavailability; energy; multiple object tracking; pharmacokinetics; reaction time; sustained release caffeine

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