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Ruini LF, Ciati R, Pratesi CA, et al. Working toward Healthy and Sustainable Diets: The "Double Pyramid Model" Developed by the Barilla Center for Food and Nutrition to Raise Awareness about the Environmental and Nutritional Impact of Foods. Front Nutr. 2015;2:9doi: 10.3389/fnut.2015.00009.
Ruini, L. F., Ciati, R., Pratesi, C. A., Marino, M., Principato, L., & Vannuzzi, E. (2015). Working toward Healthy and Sustainable Diets: The "Double Pyramid Model" Developed by the Barilla Center for Food and Nutrition to Raise Awareness about the Environmental and Nutritional Impact of Foods. Frontiers in nutrition, 29. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2015.00009
Ruini, Luca Fernando, et al. "Working toward Healthy and Sustainable Diets: The "Double Pyramid Model" Developed by the Barilla Center for Food and Nutrition to Raise Awareness about the Environmental and Nutritional Impact of Foods." Frontiers in nutrition vol. 2 (2015): 9. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2015.00009
Ruini LF, Ciati R, Pratesi CA, Marino M, Principato L, Vannuzzi E. Working toward Healthy and Sustainable Diets: The "Double Pyramid Model" Developed by the Barilla Center for Food and Nutrition to Raise Awareness about the Environmental and Nutritional Impact of Foods. Front Nutr. 2015 May 04;2:9. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2015.00009. eCollection 2015. PMID: 25988137; PMCID: PMC4428432.
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Front Nutr. 2015 May 04;2:9. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2015.00009. eCollection 2015.

Working toward Healthy and Sustainable Diets: The "Double Pyramid Model" Developed by the Barilla Center for Food and Nutrition to Raise Awareness about the Environmental and Nutritional Impact of Foods.

Frontiers in nutrition

Luca Fernando Ruini, Roberto Ciati, Carlo Alberto Pratesi, Massimo Marino, Ludovica Principato, Eleonora Vannuzzi

Affiliations

  1. Barilla G.e R. Fratelli S.p.A. , Parma , Italy.
  2. Roma Tre University , Rome , Italy.
  3. Life Cycle Engineering , Torino , Italy.
  4. Sapienza - Università di Roma , Rome , Italy.

PMID: 25988137 PMCID: PMC4428432 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2015.00009

Abstract

The Barilla Center for Food and Nutrition has produced an updated version of the traditional food pyramid based on the Mediterranean diet in order to assess the simultaneous impact that food has on human health and the environment. The Double Pyramid Model demonstrates how the foods recommended to be consumed most frequently are also those exerting less environmental impact, whereas the foods that should be consumed less frequently are those characterized by a higher environmental impact. The environmental impacts resulting from three different menus were compared. All menus were equally balanced and comparable in terms of nutrition, but they differed in relation to the presence of absence of animal flesh and animal products. The first dietary pattern (omnivorous) included both animal flesh and products; the second (lacto-ovo-vegetarian) included animal products (eggs and dairy) but no flesh; and the third (vegan) was solely plant-based. The results obtained suggest that a diet based on the principles of the Mediterranean diet, as suggested by the Double Pyramid, generates a lower environmental impact compared to diets that are heavily based on daily meat consumption.

Keywords: Mediterranean; carbon footprint; diet; ecological footprint; sustainability

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