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Malek MM, Amer FA, Allam AA, et al. Occurrence of classes I and II integrons in Enterobacteriaceae collected from Zagazig University Hospitals, Egypt. Front Microbiol. 2015;6:601doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00601.
Malek, M. M., Amer, F. A., Allam, A. A., El-Sokkary, R. H., Gheith, T., & Arafa, M. A. (2015). Occurrence of classes I and II integrons in Enterobacteriaceae collected from Zagazig University Hospitals, Egypt. Frontiers in microbiology, 6601. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00601
Malek, Mai M, et al. "Occurrence of classes I and II integrons in Enterobacteriaceae collected from Zagazig University Hospitals, Egypt." Frontiers in microbiology vol. 6 (2015): 601. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.00601
Malek MM, Amer FA, Allam AA, El-Sokkary RH, Gheith T, Arafa MA. Occurrence of classes I and II integrons in Enterobacteriaceae collected from Zagazig University Hospitals, Egypt. Front Microbiol. 2015 Jun 23;6:601. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00601. eCollection 2015. PMID: 26157425; PMCID: PMC4477160.
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Front Microbiol. 2015 Jun 23;6:601. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00601. eCollection 2015.

Occurrence of classes I and II integrons in Enterobacteriaceae collected from Zagazig University Hospitals, Egypt.

Frontiers in microbiology

Mai M Malek, Fatma A Amer, Ayman A Allam, Rehab H El-Sokkary, Tarek Gheith, Mohamed A Arafa

Affiliations

  1. Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University Cairo, Egypt.
  2. Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University Zagazig, Egypt.

PMID: 26157425 PMCID: PMC4477160 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00601

Abstract

Integrons are genetic units characterized by the ability to capture and incorporate gene cassettes, thus can contribute to the emergence and transfer of antibiotic resistance. The objectives of this study were: (1) to investigate the presence and distribution of class I and class II integrons and the characteristics of the gene cassettes they carry in Enterobacteriaceae isolated from nosocomial infections at Zagzig University Hospital in Egypt, (2) to determine their impact on resistance, and (3) to identify risk factors for the existence of integrons. Relevant samples and full clinical history were collected from 118 inpatients. Samples were processed; isolated microbes were identified and tested for antibiotic susceptibilities. Integrons were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and were characterized into class I or II by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Integron-positive isolates were subjected to another PCR to detect gene cassette, followed by gene cassette sequencing. Risk factors were analyzed by logistic regression analysis. Seventy-six Enterobacteriaceae isolates were recognized, 41 of them (53.9%) were integron-positive; 39 strains carried class I and 2 strains carried class II integrons. Integrons had gene cassettes encoding different combinations and types of resistance determinants. Interestingly, blaOXA129 gene was found and ereA gene was carried on class I integrons. The same determinants were carried within isolates of the same species as well as isolates of different species. The presence of integrons was significantly associated with multidrug resistance (MDR). No risk factors were associated for integron carriage. We conclude that integrons carrying gene cassettes encoding antibiotic resistance are significantly present among Enterobacteriaceae causing nosocomial infection in our hospital. Risk factors for acquisition remain to be identified.

Keywords: Enterobacteriaceae; MDR; integron; risk factors; sequencing

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