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Anber U, Gentine P, Wang S, et al. Fog and rain in the Amazon. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015;112(37):11473-7doi: 10.1073/pnas.1505077112.
Anber, U., Gentine, P., Wang, S., & Sobel, A. H. (2015). Fog and rain in the Amazon. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 112(37), 11473-7. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1505077112
Anber, Usama, et al. "Fog and rain in the Amazon." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America vol. 112,37 (2015): 11473-7. doi: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1505077112
Anber U, Gentine P, Wang S, Sobel AH. Fog and rain in the Amazon. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Sep 15;112(37):11473-7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1505077112. Epub 2015 Aug 31. PMID: 26324902; PMCID: PMC4577161.
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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Sep 15;112(37):11473-7. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1505077112. Epub 2015 Aug 31.

Fog and rain in the Amazon.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Usama Anber, Pierre Gentine, Shuguang Wang, Adam H Sobel

Affiliations

  1. Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027; [email protected] [email protected].
  2. Department of Earth and Environmental Engineering and Earth Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027; [email protected] [email protected].
  3. Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027.
  4. Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027; Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027.

PMID: 26324902 PMCID: PMC4577161 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1505077112

Abstract

The diurnal and seasonal water cycles in the Amazon remain poorly simulated in general circulation models, exhibiting peak evapotranspiration in the wrong season and rain too early in the day. We show that those biases are not present in cloud-resolving simulations with parameterized large-scale circulation. The difference is attributed to the representation of the morning fog layer, and to more accurate characterization of convection and its coupling with large-scale circulation. The morning fog layer, present in the wet season but absent in the dry season, dramatically increases cloud albedo, which reduces evapotranspiration through its modulation of the surface energy budget. These results highlight the importance of the coupling between the energy and hydrological cycles and the key role of cloud albedo feedback for climates over tropical continents.

Keywords: Amazon; cloud-resolving models; fog; hydrologic cycle; land−atmosphere interactions

References

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