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Tang J, Wennerberg K, Aittokallio T. What is synergy? The Saariselkä agreement revisited. Front Pharmacol. 2015;6:181doi: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00181.
Tang, J., Wennerberg, K., & Aittokallio, T. (2015). What is synergy? The Saariselkä agreement revisited. Frontiers in pharmacology, 6181. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2015.00181
Tang, Jing, et al. "What is synergy? The Saariselkä agreement revisited." Frontiers in pharmacology vol. 6 (2015): 181. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2015.00181
Tang J, Wennerberg K, Aittokallio T. What is synergy? The Saariselkä agreement revisited. Front Pharmacol. 2015 Sep 01;6:181. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00181. eCollection 2015. PMID: 26388771; PMCID: PMC4555011.
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Front Pharmacol. 2015 Sep 01;6:181. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00181. eCollection 2015.

What is synergy? The Saariselkä agreement revisited.

Frontiers in pharmacology

Jing Tang, Krister Wennerberg, Tero Aittokallio

Affiliations

  1. Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki Helsinki, Finland.

PMID: 26388771 PMCID: PMC4555011 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00181

Abstract

Many biological or chemical agents when combined interact with each other and produce a synergistic response that cannot be predicted based on the single agent responses alone. However, depending on the postulated null hypothesis of non-interaction, one may end up in different interpretations of synergy. Two popular reference models for null hypothesis include the Bliss independence model and the Loewe additivity model, each of which is formulated from different perspectives. During the last century, there has been an intensive debate on the suitability of these synergy models, both of which are theoretically justified and also in practice supported by different schools of scientists. More than 20 years ago, there was a community effort to make a consensus on the terminology one should use when claiming synergy. The agreement was formulated at a conference held in Saariselkä, Finland in 1992, stating that one should use the terms Bliss synergy or Loewe synergy to avoid ambiguity in the underlying models. We review the theoretical relationships between these models and argue that one should combine the advantages of both models to provide a more consistent definition of synergy and antagonism.

Keywords: Bliss and Loewe models; consensus agreement; definition of synergy; drug combinations; interaction barometer

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