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Röthel C, Radziown M, Resel R, et al. Complex Behavior of Caffeine Crystallites on Muscovite Mica Surfaces. Cryst Growth Des. 2015;15(9):4563-4570doi: 10.1021/acs.cgd.5b00833.
Röthel, C., Radziown, M., Resel, R., Zimmer, A., Simbrunner, C., & Werzer, O. (2015). Complex Behavior of Caffeine Crystallites on Muscovite Mica Surfaces. Crystal growth & design, 15(9), 4563-4570. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.5b00833
Röthel, Christian, et al. "Complex Behavior of Caffeine Crystallites on Muscovite Mica Surfaces." Crystal growth & design vol. 15,9 (2015): 4563-4570. doi: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.5b00833
Röthel C, Radziown M, Resel R, Zimmer A, Simbrunner C, Werzer O. Complex Behavior of Caffeine Crystallites on Muscovite Mica Surfaces. Cryst Growth Des. 2015 Sep 02;15(9):4563-4570. doi: 10.1021/acs.cgd.5b00833. Epub 2015 Jul 31. PMID: 26366127; PMCID: PMC4561387.
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Cryst Growth Des. 2015 Sep 02;15(9):4563-4570. doi: 10.1021/acs.cgd.5b00833. Epub 2015 Jul 31.

Complex Behavior of Caffeine Crystallites on Muscovite Mica Surfaces.

Crystal growth & design

Christian Röthel, Michal Radziown, Roland Resel, Andreas Zimmer, Clemens Simbrunner, Oliver Werzer

Affiliations

  1. Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Karl-Franzens Universität Graz , Universitätsplatz 1, 8010 Graz, Austria ; Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology , Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria.
  2. Institute of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz , Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria.
  3. Institute of Solid State Physics, Graz University of Technology , Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria.
  4. Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Karl-Franzens Universität Graz , Universitätsplatz 1, 8010 Graz, Austria.
  5. Institute of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz , Altenbergerstraße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria ; Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Bremen , Otto-Hahn-Allee 1, 28359 Bremen, Germany.

PMID: 26366127 PMCID: PMC4561387 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.5b00833

Abstract

Defined fabrication of organic thin films is highly desired in technological, as well as pharmaceutical, applications since morphology and crystal structure are directly linked to physical, electrical, and optical properties. Within this work, the directed growth of caffeine deposited by hot wall epitaxy (HWE) on muscovite mica is studied. Optical and atomic force microscopy measurements reveal the presence of caffeine needles exhibiting a preferable alignment in the azimuthal directions with respect to the orientation of the defined mica surface. Specular X-ray diffraction and X-ray diffraction pole figure measurements give evidence that the β-polymorphic form of caffeine forms on the mica surface. All results consent that caffeine molecules have an edge-on conformation i.e. minimizing their interaction area with the surface. Furthermore, the azimuthal alignment of the long caffeine needle axis takes place along the [11̅0], [100], and [110] real space directions of mica; needles are observed every 60° azimuthally. While mica has a complex surface structure with mirror planes and lowered oxygen rows, the slightly disturbed 3-fold symmetry dictates the crystal alignment. This is different to previous findings for solution cast caffeine growth on mica. For HWE the needles align solely along the mica main directions whereby solution cast needles show an additional needle splitting due to a different alignment of caffeine with respect to the surface.

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