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Appl Opt. 2015 Aug 01;54(22):6608-15. doi: 10.1364/AO.54.006608.

Intensity distribution of the parhelic circle and embedded parhelia at zero solar elevation: theory and experiments.

Applied optics

Sarah Borchardt, Markus Selmke

PMID: 26368071 DOI: 10.1364/AO.54.006608

Abstract

We describe the individual contributions to the intensity distribution of the parhelic circle for plate-oriented hexagonal crystals at exactly zero solar elevation using geometrical optics. An experimental as well as theoretical study of in-plane ray paths provides details on the mechanism for several halos, including the parhelia, the 120° and 90° parhelia, a blue edge, and the Liljequist parhelia. Azimuthal coordinates for associated characteristic features in the intensity distribution are compared with experimental data obtained using a spinning hexagonal glass prism.

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