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Yakasai AM, Gudaji MI, Muhammad H, et al. Prevalence and Correlates of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) in Northwestern Nigeria. Neurol Res Int. 2015;2015:486960doi: 10.1155/2015/486960.
Yakasai, A. M., Gudaji, M. I., Muhammad, H., Ibrahim, A., Owolabi, L. F., Ibrahim, D. A., Babashani, M., Mijinyawa, M. S., Borodo, M. M., Ogun, A. S., & Habib, A. G. (2015). Prevalence and Correlates of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) in Northwestern Nigeria. Neurology research international, 2015486960. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/486960
Yakasai, Ahmad M, et al. "Prevalence and Correlates of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) in Northwestern Nigeria." Neurology research international vol. 2015 (2015): 486960. doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/486960
Yakasai AM, Gudaji MI, Muhammad H, Ibrahim A, Owolabi LF, Ibrahim DA, Babashani M, Mijinyawa MS, Borodo MM, Ogun AS, Habib AG. Prevalence and Correlates of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) in Northwestern Nigeria. Neurol Res Int. 2015;2015:486960. doi: 10.1155/2015/486960. Epub 2015 Aug 09. PMID: 26347017; PMCID: PMC4546766.
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Neurol Res Int. 2015;2015:486960. doi: 10.1155/2015/486960. Epub 2015 Aug 09.

Prevalence and Correlates of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) in Northwestern Nigeria.

Neurology research international

Ahmad M Yakasai, Mustafa I Gudaji, Hamza Muhammad, Aliyu Ibrahim, Lukman F Owolabi, Daiyabu A Ibrahim, Musa Babashani, Muhammad S Mijinyawa, Musa M Borodo, Abayomi S Ogun, Abdulrazaq G Habib

Affiliations

  1. Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Public Health and Diagnostic Institute, College of Medical Sciences, Northwest University, PMB 3220, Kano, Nigeria.
  2. Department of Psychiatry, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital and Bayero University Kano, PMB 3452, Kano, Nigeria.
  3. Infectious and Tropical Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital and Bayero University Kano, PMB 3452, Kano, Nigeria.
  4. Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital and Bayero University Kano, PMB 3452, Kano, Nigeria.
  5. Department of Medicine, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital and Bayero University Kano, PMB 3452, Kano, Nigeria.
  6. Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Obafemi Awolowo Teaching Hospital, Ogun State University, PMB 2002, Sagamu, Ogun State, Nigeria.

PMID: 26347017 PMCID: PMC4546766 DOI: 10.1155/2015/486960

Abstract

HIV-associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) are common among HIV-positive individuals. This study explored the prevalence and correlates of HAND in Nigeria. 80 HIV-positive and 40 HIV-negative adults selected from Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH) received comprehensive evaluations. A multidomain neuropsychological test (MDNPT) battery assessing 7 domains was administered to the participants and their performance was combined with measures of functional status to classify impairments into various grades of HAND. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify correlates of symptomatic HAND. Among the HIV-positive individuals, 50% were highly active antiretroviral therapy-experienced (HAART+) and 50% were highly active antiretroviral therapy naive (HAART-). Symptomatic HAND was found among 40% of the HAART- individuals and 30% of the HAART+ individuals. Respective prevalence of HIV-associated dementia (HAD) was 23% and 5%, respectively (p = 0.0002). In a binary logistic regression model, only fewer years of education independently predicted symptomatic HAND [Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.04-1.44, p = 0.016]. The prevalence of HAND in Nigeria is high with HAD being commoner among HAART- patients. Provision of HAART and strict monitoring of patients at risk of HAND are needed to scale down the burden of the disease.

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