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Fleming LE, Backer LC, Kirkpatrick B, et al. An Epidemiologic Approach to the Study of Aerosolized Florida Red Tides. Harmful Algae 2002 (2002). 2004;10:508-510
Fleming, L. E., Backer, L. C., Kirkpatrick, B., Clark, R., Dalpra, D., Johnson, D. R., Bean, J. A., Cheng, Y. S., Benson, J., Squicciarrini, D., Abraham, W. M., Pierce, R., Zaias, J., Naar, J., Weisman, R., Bossart, G., Campbell, S., Wanner, A., Harrington, M., Van De Bogart, G., & Baden, D. G. (2004). An Epidemiologic Approach to the Study of Aerosolized Florida Red Tides. Harmful algae 2002 : proceedings of the Xth International Conference on Harmful Algae, St. Pete Beach, Florida, USA, October 21-25, 2002. International Conference on Harmful Algae (10th : 2002 : St. Pete Beach, Florida), 10508-510.
Fleming, Lora E, et al. "An Epidemiologic Approach to the Study of Aerosolized Florida Red Tides." Harmful algae 2002 : proceedings of the Xth International Conference on Harmful Algae, St. Pete Beach, Florida, USA, October 21-25, 2002. International Conference on Harmful Algae (10th : 2002 : St. Pete Beach, Florida) vol. 10 (2004): 508-510.
Fleming LE, Backer LC, Kirkpatrick B, Clark R, Dalpra D, Johnson DR, Bean JA, Cheng YS, Benson J, Squicciarrini D, Abraham WM, Pierce R, Zaias J, Naar J, Weisman R, Bossart G, Campbell S, Wanner A, Harrington M, Van De Bogart G, Baden DG. An Epidemiologic Approach to the Study of Aerosolized Florida Red Tides. Harmful Algae 2002 (2002). 2004;10:508-510. PMID: 26436145; PMCID: PMC4591962.
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Harmful Algae 2002 (2002). 2004;10:508-510.

An Epidemiologic Approach to the Study of Aerosolized Florida Red Tides.

Harmful algae 2002 : proceedings of the Xth International Conference on Harmful Algae, St. Pete Beach, Florida, USA, October 21-25, 2002. International Conference on Harmful Algae (10th : 2002 : St. Pete Beach, Florida)

Lora E Fleming, Lorraine C Backer, Barbara Kirkpatrick, Richard Clark, Dana Dalpra, David R Johnson, Judy A Bean, Yung Sung Cheng, Janet Benson, Dominick Squicciarrini, William M Abraham, Richard Pierce, Julia Zaias, Jerome Naar, Richard Weisman, Greg Bossart, Susan Campbell, Adam Wanner, Mark Harrington, Gayl Van De Bogart, Daniel G Baden

Affiliations

  1. National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) Marine and Freshwater Biomedical Sciences Center, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
  2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
  3. Mote Marine Laboratory, Sarasota, FL, USA.
  4. Florida Department of Health, Tallahassee, FL, USA.
  5. Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
  6. Lovelace Respiratory Research Institute, Albuquerque, NM, USA; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
  7. Center for Marine Science, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, Wilmington, NC 28409, USA.
  8. South Florida Poison Information Center, Miami, FL, USA.
  9. Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute, FL, USA.
  10. Twins City Hospital, FL, USA.

PMID: 26436145 PMCID: PMC4591962

Abstract

Very little has been published in the scientific literature on the human health effects of Florida red tide, either as human clinical case reports or formal epidemiologic studies. In addition to the health effects associated with the ingestion of contaminated shellfish, there have been multiple anecdotal reports of respiratory irritation and possible immunologic effects associated with the inhalation of aerosolized Florida red tide. To investigate the human health effects from environmental exposure to red tide toxins, we have formed an interdisciplinary team of scientists. We have created a network of public and environmental health workers who periodically report local conditions as a red tide develops. In addition, we have access to environmental monitoring data as well as data from a surveillance program supported through the Florida Poison Information Network. When a red tide moves onshore where people might be exposed, the team rapidly assembles at the site to collect environmental samples and epidemiologic data. To assess the more long-term effects from environmental exposure to red tide toxins, we are conducting epidemiologic studies involving occupational and sensitive populations who live in areas that are regularly impacted by red tides. Other scientists are evaluating the acute and chronic respiratory effects of red tides and brevetoxins in both rat and sheep models as well as refinement of toxin measurement methodology. These models are being used to refine and validate the biomarkers of brevetoxins exposure as well as explore the pathophysiology of health effects from brevetoxins respiratory exposure. Bolstered by the additional research in rat and sheep models, this interdisciplinary scientific team is exploring the acute and chronic exposures and health effects of aerosolized Florida red tides in animal models and various human populations. In the future, this research can be applied to the understanding of exposure and effects of other aerosolized natural toxins such as cyanobacterial toxins.

References

  1. Environ Health Perspect. 2002 Feb;110(2):179-85 - PubMed
  2. Environ Health Perspect. 2002 Mar;110(3):A132-3 - PubMed
  3. J Comp Physiol A Neuroethol Sens Neural Behav Physiol. 2002 Nov;188(10):807-13 - PubMed
  4. Toxicol Pathol. 1998 Mar-Apr;26(2):276-82 - PubMed

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