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Phys Rev Lett. 2015 Oct 23;115(17):175301. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.175301. Epub 2015 Oct 19.

Dynamical Quasicondensation of Hard-Core Bosons at Finite Momenta.

Physical review letters

L Vidmar, J P Ronzheimer, M Schreiber, S Braun, S S Hodgman, S Langer, F Heidrich-Meisner, I Bloch, U Schneider

Affiliations

  1. Arnold Sommerfeld Center for Theoretical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-80333 München, Germany.
  2. Department of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, D-80333 München, Germany.
  3. Max-Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, D-85748 Garching, Germany.
  4. Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
  5. Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J. J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.

PMID: 26551122 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.175301

Abstract

Long-range order in quantum many-body systems is usually associated with equilibrium situations. Here, we experimentally investigate the quasicondensation of strongly interacting bosons at finite momenta in a far-from-equilibrium case. We prepare an inhomogeneous initial state consisting of one-dimensional Mott insulators in the center of otherwise empty one-dimensional chains in an optical lattice with a lattice constant d. After suddenly quenching the trapping potential to zero, we observe the onset of coherence in spontaneously forming quasicondensates in the lattice. Remarkably, the emerging phase order differs from the ground-state order and is characterized by peaks at finite momenta ±(π/2)(ℏ/d) in the momentum distribution function.

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