Front Pharmacol. 2015 Nov 05;6:254. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00254. eCollection 2015.
MicroRNAs as potential targets for progressive pulmonary fibrosis.
Frontiers in pharmacology
Subbiah Rajasekaran, P Rajaguru, P S Sudhakar Gandhi
Affiliations
Affiliations
- Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology Campus, Anna University Tiruchirappalli, India.
PMID: 26594173
PMCID: PMC4633493 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2015.00254
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic, progressive and devastating disorder. It is characterized by alveolar epithelial cell injury and activation, infiltration of inflammatory cells, initiation of epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), aberrant proliferation and activation of fibroblasts, exaggerated deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, and finally leading to the destruction of lung parenchyma. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small non-coding RNA molecules that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression in diverse biological and pathological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and metastasis. As a result, miRNAs have emerged as a major area of biomedical research with relevance to pulmonary fibrosis. In this context, the present review discusses specific patterns of dysregulated miRNAs in patients with IPF. Further, we discuss the current understanding of miRNAs involvement in regulating lung inflammation, TGF-β1-mediated EMT and fibroblast differentiation processes, ECM genes expression, and in the progression of lung fibrosis. The possible future directions that might lead to novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis are also reviewed.
Keywords: TGF-β1; epithelial cells; fibroblasts; idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis; inflammation; miRNAs; type-1-collagen; α-SMA
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