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Delobel-Ayoub M, Ehlinger V, Klapouszczak D, et al. Socioeconomic Disparities and Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders and Intellectual Disability. PLoS One. 2015;10(11):e0141964doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141964.
Delobel-Ayoub, M., Ehlinger, V., Klapouszczak, D., Maffre, T., Raynaud, J. P., Delpierre, C., & Arnaud, C. (2015). Socioeconomic Disparities and Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders and Intellectual Disability. PloS one, 10(11), e0141964. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141964
Delobel-Ayoub, Malika, et al. "Socioeconomic Disparities and Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders and Intellectual Disability." PloS one vol. 10,11 (2015): e0141964. doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141964
Delobel-Ayoub M, Ehlinger V, Klapouszczak D, Maffre T, Raynaud JP, Delpierre C, Arnaud C. Socioeconomic Disparities and Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders and Intellectual Disability. PLoS One. 2015 Nov 05;10(11):e0141964. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141964. eCollection 2015. PMID: 26540408; PMCID: PMC4635003.
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PLoS One. 2015 Nov 05;10(11):e0141964. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141964. eCollection 2015.

Socioeconomic Disparities and Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorders and Intellectual Disability.

PloS one

Malika Delobel-Ayoub, Virginie Ehlinger, Dana Klapouszczak, Thierry Maffre, Jean-Philippe Raynaud, Cyrille Delpierre, Catherine Arnaud

Affiliations

  1. Registre des Handicaps de l'Enfant en Haute-Garonne, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
  2. INSERM, U1027, Toulouse, France.
  3. Université Paul-Sabatier, Toulouse, France.
  4. Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent, CHU de Toulouse, Hôpital La Grave, Toulouse, France.
  5. Centre de Ressources Autisme Midi-Pyrénées, Hôpital La Grave, Toulouse, France.
  6. Département d'Epidémiologie Clinique, CHU Purpan, Toulouse, France.

PMID: 26540408 PMCID: PMC4635003 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0141964

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Study of the impact of socioeconomic status on autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and severe intellectual disabilities (ID) has yielded conflicting results. Recent European studies suggested that, unlike reports from the United States, low socioeconomic status is associated with an increased risk of ASD. For intellectual disabilities, the links with socioeconomic status vary according to the severity. We wished to clarify the links between socioeconomic status and the prevalence of ASD (with or without ID) and isolated severe ID.

METHODS: 500 children with ASD and 245 children with severe ID (IQ <50) aged 8 years, born 1995 to 2004, were recruited from a French population-based registry. Inclusions were based on clinical diagnoses reported in medical records according to the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision. Socioeconomic status was measured by indicators available at block census level which characterize the population of the child's area of residence. Measures of deprivation, employment, occupation, education, immigration and family structure were used. Prevalences were compared between groups of census units defined by the tertiles of socioeconomic level in the general population.

RESULTS: Prevalence of ASD with associated ID was higher in areas with the highest level of deprivation and the highest percentage of unemployed adults, persons with no diploma, immigrants and single-parent families. No association was found when using occupational class. Regarding ASD without associated ID, a higher prevalence was found in areas with the highest percentage of immigrants. No association was found for other socioeconomic indicators. The prevalence of isolated severe ID was likely to be higher in the most disadvantaged groups defined by all indicators.

CONCLUSION: The prevalence of ASD with associated ID and of severe isolated ID is more likely to be higher in areas with the highest level of deprivation.

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