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Soga T, Teo CH, Cham KL, et al. Early-Life Social Isolation Impairs the Gonadotropin-Inhibitory Hormone Neuronal Activity and Serotonergic System in Male Rats. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2015;6:172doi: 10.3389/fendo.2015.00172.
Soga, T., Teo, C. H., Cham, K. L., Idris, M. M., & Parhar, I. S. (2015). Early-Life Social Isolation Impairs the Gonadotropin-Inhibitory Hormone Neuronal Activity and Serotonergic System in Male Rats. Frontiers in endocrinology, 6172. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2015.00172
Soga, Tomoko, et al. "Early-Life Social Isolation Impairs the Gonadotropin-Inhibitory Hormone Neuronal Activity and Serotonergic System in Male Rats." Frontiers in endocrinology vol. 6 (2015): 172. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2015.00172
Soga T, Teo CH, Cham KL, Idris MM, Parhar IS. Early-Life Social Isolation Impairs the Gonadotropin-Inhibitory Hormone Neuronal Activity and Serotonergic System in Male Rats. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2015 Nov 10;6:172. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2015.00172. eCollection 2015. PMID: 26617573; PMCID: PMC4639717.
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Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2015 Nov 10;6:172. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2015.00172. eCollection 2015.

Early-Life Social Isolation Impairs the Gonadotropin-Inhibitory Hormone Neuronal Activity and Serotonergic System in Male Rats.

Frontiers in endocrinology

Tomoko Soga, Chuin Hau Teo, Kai Lin Cham, Marshita Mohd Idris, Ishwar S Parhar

Affiliations

  1. Brain Research Institute, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University , Selangor , Malaysia.

PMID: 26617573 PMCID: PMC4639717 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2015.00172

Abstract

Social isolation in early life deregulates the serotonergic system of the brain, compromising reproductive function. Gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GnIH) neurons in the dorsomedial hypothalamic nucleus are critical to the inhibitory regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuronal activity in the brain and release of luteinizing hormone by the pituitary gland. Although GnIH responds to stress, the role of GnIH in social isolation-induced deregulation of the serotonin system and reproductive function remains unclear. We investigated the effect of social isolation in early life on the serotonergic-GnIH neuronal system using enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-tagged GnIH transgenic rats. Socially isolated rats were observed for anxious and depressive behaviors. Using immunohistochemistry, we examined c-Fos protein expression in EGFP-GnIH neurons in 9-week-old adult male rats after 6 weeks post-weaning isolation or group housing. We also inspected serotonergic fiber juxtapositions in EGFP-GnIH neurons in control and socially isolated male rats. Socially isolated rats exhibited anxious and depressive behaviors. The total number of EGFP-GnIH neurons was the same in control and socially isolated rats, but c-Fos expression in GnIH neurons was significantly reduced in socially isolated rats. Serotonin fiber juxtapositions on EGFP-GnIH neurons were also lower in socially isolated rats. In addition, levels of tryptophan hydroxylase mRNA expression in the dorsal raphe nucleus were significantly attenuated in these rats. These results suggest that social isolation in early-life results in lower serotonin levels, which reduce GnIH neuronal activity and may lead to reproductive failure.

Keywords: GnRH; dorsal raphe nuclei; dorsomedial hypothalamus nuclei; serotonin; social stress

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