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Gelaw YA, Senbete GH, Adane AA, et al. Determinants of late presentation to HIV/AIDS care in Southern Tigray Zone, Northern Ethiopia: an institution based case-control study. AIDS Res Ther. 2015;12:40doi: 10.1186/s12981-015-0079-2.
Gelaw, Y. A., Senbete, G. H., Adane, A. A., & Alene, K. A. (2015). Determinants of late presentation to HIV/AIDS care in Southern Tigray Zone, Northern Ethiopia: an institution based case-control study. AIDS research and therapy, 1240. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-015-0079-2
Gelaw, Yalemzewod Assefa, et al. "Determinants of late presentation to HIV/AIDS care in Southern Tigray Zone, Northern Ethiopia: an institution based case-control study." AIDS research and therapy vol. 12 (2015): 40. doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12981-015-0079-2
Gelaw YA, Senbete GH, Adane AA, Alene KA. Determinants of late presentation to HIV/AIDS care in Southern Tigray Zone, Northern Ethiopia: an institution based case-control study. AIDS Res Ther. 2015 Dec 02;12:40. doi: 10.1186/s12981-015-0079-2. eCollection 2015. PMID: 26633988; PMCID: PMC4667535.
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AIDS Res Ther. 2015 Dec 02;12:40. doi: 10.1186/s12981-015-0079-2. eCollection 2015.

Determinants of late presentation to HIV/AIDS care in Southern Tigray Zone, Northern Ethiopia: an institution based case-control study.

AIDS research and therapy

Yalemzewod Assefa Gelaw, Goitom Halefom Senbete, Akelew Awoke Adane, Kefyalew Addis Alene

Affiliations

  1. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
  2. College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.

PMID: 26633988 PMCID: PMC4667535 DOI: 10.1186/s12981-015-0079-2

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Late diagnosis and presentation to human immune deficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome care reduce the benefits of antiretroviral therapy and increase the risk of HIV transmission.

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to identify determinants of late presentation to HIV care among people living with HIV in Southern Tigray, Northern Ethiopia.

METHODS: An institution based un-matched case-control (1:2 ratios) supported with qualitative data was conducted in Southern Tigray Zone from March 1 to April 30, 2014. Individuals with HIV enrolled from six randomly selected health facilities were included in the study. Cases were people living with HIV who had cluster of differentiation four count <350 cells/μl or World Health Organization stages 3 or 4. A total of 442 study participants were included by systematic sampling techniques. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression model was used to identify associated factors. Odds ratio with 95 % CI was computed to assess the strength of the associations.

RESULT: Age categories, 25-29 years [AOR 3, 95 % CI (1.2-8.1)] and 35-39 years [AOR 4.1, 95 % CI (1.4-12.5)], having two [AOR 6, 95 % CI (1.3-28)] and more [AOR 5.2, 95 % CI (1.1-24.8)] lifetime sexual partners, poor social support [AOR 2.3, 95 % CI (1.26-4.30)], second (next to lowest) wealth quintile [AOR 3.3, 95 % CI 91.3-8.5)], fear of stigma [AOR 4.4, 95 % CI (2.2-8.3)], fear of losing job [AOR 6.8, 95 % CI (1.8-24.5)], and reported severe illness [AOR 4.3, 95 % CI (2.26-8)] were identified to be the risk factors for late presentation.

CONCLUSION: Low socio-economic status and social support, fear of stigma were potential risk factors for late presentation. Efforts towards promoting early care seeking should target on these factors in the study area and other similar settings.

Keywords: Case–control; Determinants; Ethiopia; HIV/AIDS; Late presentation

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