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Surg Neurol Int. 2015 Dec 28;6:192. doi: 10.4103/2152-7806.172696. eCollection 2015.

C1 anterior arch preservation in transnasal odontoidectomy using three-dimensional endoscope: A case report.

Surgical neurology international

Francesco Zenga, Nicola Marengo, Paolo Pacca, Giancarlo Pecorari, Alessandro Ducati

Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosciences, Molinette University Hospital, Via Cherasco 15, 10126 Torino, Italy.
  2. Department of Surgical Sciences, First ENT Division, Molinette University Hospital, Via Genova 3, 10126 Torino, Italy.

PMID: 26759737 PMCID: PMC4697203 DOI: 10.4103/2152-7806.172696

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The transoral ventral corridor is the most common approach used to reach the craniovertebral junction (CVJ). Over the last decade, many case reports have demonstrated the transnasal corridor to the odontoid peg represents a practicable route to remove the tip of the odontoid process. The biomechanical consequences of the traditional odontoidectomy led to the necessity of a cervical spine stabilization. Preserving the inferior portion of the C1 anterior arch should prevent instability.

CASE DESCRIPTION: This is the first report in which the technique to remove the tip of the odontoid while preserving the C1 anterior arch is described by means of a three-dimensional (3D) endoscope. A 53-year-old man underwent a transnasal 3D endoscopic approach because of a complex CVJ malformation. The upper-medial portion of the C1 anterior arch was removed preserving its continuity, and the odontoidectomy was performed. After surgery, a dynamic X-ray scan showed no difference in CVJ motility in comparison with the preoperative one.

CONCLUSIONS: The stereoscopic perception augmented the precision of the surgical gesture in the deep field. The importance of a 3D view relates to the depth of field, which a two-dimensional endoscopy cannot provide. This affects the preservation of the C1 anterior arch because of the presence of critical structures that are exposed to potential damage if not displayed.

Keywords: C1 anterior arch preservation; craniovertebral junction stability; three-dimensional endoscope; transnasal odontoidectomy

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