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Liu GJ, Wang W, Lu MD, et al. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for the Characterization of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Liver Cancer. 2015;4(4):241-52doi: 10.1159/000367738.
Liu, G. J., Wang, W., Lu, M. D., Xie, X. Y., Xu, H. X., Xu, Z. F., Chen, L. D., Wang, Z., Liang, J. Y., Huang, Y., Li, W., & Liu, J. Y. (2015). Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for the Characterization of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Liver cancer, 4(4), 241-52. https://doi.org/10.1159/000367738
Liu, Guang-Jian, et al. "Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for the Characterization of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma." Liver cancer vol. 4,4 (2015): 241-52. doi: https://doi.org/10.1159/000367738
Liu GJ, Wang W, Lu MD, Xie XY, Xu HX, Xu ZF, Chen LD, Wang Z, Liang JY, Huang Y, Li W, Liu JY. Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for the Characterization of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma. Liver Cancer. 2015 Dec;4(4):241-52. doi: 10.1159/000367738. Epub 2015 Oct 21. PMID: 26779444; PMCID: PMC4702012.
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Liver Cancer. 2015 Dec;4(4):241-52. doi: 10.1159/000367738. Epub 2015 Oct 21.

Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound for the Characterization of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma.

Liver cancer

Guang-Jian Liu, Wei Wang, Ming-De Lu, Xiao-Yan Xie, Hui-Xiong Xu, Zuo-Feng Xu, Li-Da Chen, Zhu Wang, Jin-Yu Liang, Yang Huang, Wei Li, Jin-Ya Liu

Affiliations

  1. Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, and, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
  2. Department of Medical Ultrasonics, Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Ultrasound, and, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.

PMID: 26779444 PMCID: PMC4702012 DOI: 10.1159/000367738

Abstract

PURPOSE AND METHODS: The ability of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) to differentiate between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is still controversial. We reviewed the CEUS imaging of 819 patients (HCC=546, ICC=273) with an established pathological diagnosis. The enhancement patterns of lesions and the diagnostic performance of CEUS were analyzed.

RESULTS: Arterial hyperenhancement followed by washout was observed in 92.3% (504/546) of the HCC lesions and 85.7% (234/273) of the ICC lesions on CEUS (p<0.05). Additionally, the ICCs presented contrast washout much earlier than the HCCs, with an average time of 27.5 seconds after injecting the contrast agent compared with 70.1 seconds for the HCCs (p<0.05). Peripheral rim-like enhancement was observed in 68.5% (187/273) of the ICCs, which was significantly more common than that in the HCCs (2.0%, 11/546) (p<0.05). When using arterial hyperenhancement with a washout phase later than 43 seconds after injecting the contrast agent and with no peripheral rim-like enhancement as the diagnostic criteria for HCC ≤5 cm in diameter, the area under the curve was 0.808, with 64.1% sensitivity, 97.4% specificity and 73.6% accuracy.

CONCLUSIONS: Although ICC may show the typical enhancement pattern of HCC on CEUS, peripheral rim-like enhancement and quick contrast washout show high efficiency in the differentiation of HCC from ICC.

Keywords: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound; Differentiation; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

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