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Flegel C, Vogel F, Hofreuter A, et al. Characterization of the Olfactory Receptors Expressed in Human Spermatozoa. Front Mol Biosci. 2016;2:73doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2015.00073.
Flegel, C., Vogel, F., Hofreuter, A., Schreiner, B. S., Osthold, S., Veitinger, S., Becker, C., Brockmeyer, N. H., Muschol, M., Wennemuth, G., Altmüller, J., Hatt, H., & Gisselmann, G. (2015). Characterization of the Olfactory Receptors Expressed in Human Spermatozoa. Frontiers in molecular biosciences, 273. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2015.00073
Flegel, Caroline, et al. "Characterization of the Olfactory Receptors Expressed in Human Spermatozoa." Frontiers in molecular biosciences vol. 2 (2015): 73. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2015.00073
Flegel C, Vogel F, Hofreuter A, Schreiner BS, Osthold S, Veitinger S, Becker C, Brockmeyer NH, Muschol M, Wennemuth G, Altmüller J, Hatt H, Gisselmann G. Characterization of the Olfactory Receptors Expressed in Human Spermatozoa. Front Mol Biosci. 2016 Jan 07;2:73. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2015.00073. eCollection 2015. PMID: 26779489; PMCID: PMC4703994.
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Front Mol Biosci. 2016 Jan 07;2:73. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2015.00073. eCollection 2015.

Characterization of the Olfactory Receptors Expressed in Human Spermatozoa.

Frontiers in molecular biosciences

Caroline Flegel, Felix Vogel, Adrian Hofreuter, Benjamin S P Schreiner, Sandra Osthold, Sophie Veitinger, Christian Becker, Norbert H Brockmeyer, Michael Muschol, Gunther Wennemuth, Janine Altmüller, Hanns Hatt, Günter Gisselmann

Affiliations

  1. Department of Cell Physiology, Ruhr-University Bochum Bochum, Germany.
  2. Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Köln Köln, Germany.
  3. Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Center for Sexual Health and Medicine, Ruhr University BochumBochum, Germany; Competence Network for HIV/AIDS, Ruhr University BochumBochum, Germany.
  4. Institute of Anatomy, University Hospital Essen Essen, Germany.

PMID: 26779489 PMCID: PMC4703994 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2015.00073

Abstract

The detection of external cues is fundamental for human spermatozoa to locate the oocyte in the female reproductive tract. This task requires a specific chemoreceptor repertoire that is expressed on the surface of human spermatozoa, which is not fully identified to date. Olfactory receptors (ORs) are candidate molecules and have been attributed to be involved in sperm chemotaxis and chemokinesis, indicating an important role in mammalian spermatozoa. An increasing importance has been suggested for spermatozoal RNA, which led us to investigate the expression of all 387 OR genes. This study provides the first comprehensive analysis of OR transcripts in human spermatozoa of several individuals by RNA-Seq. We detected 91 different transcripts in the spermatozoa samples that could be aligned to annotated OR genes. Using stranded mRNA-Seq, we detected a class of these putative OR transcripts in an antisense orientation, indicating a different function, rather than coding for a functional OR protein. Nevertheless, we were able to detect OR proteins in various compartments of human spermatozoa, indicating distinct functions in human sperm. A panel of various OR ligands induced Ca(2+) signals in human spermatozoa, which could be inhibited by mibefradil. This study indicates that a variety of ORs are expressed at the mRNA and protein level in human spermatozoa.

Keywords: antisense transcripts; deep sequencing; odorant receptor; signal transduction; spermatozoa

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