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Nolan JM, Meagher KA, Howard AN, et al. Lutein, zeaxanthin and meso-zeaxanthin content of eggs laid by hens supplemented with free and esterified xanthophylls. J Nutr Sci. 2016;5:e1doi: 10.1017/jns.2015.35.
Nolan, J. M., Meagher, K. A., Howard, A. N., Moran, R., Thurnham, D. I., & Beatty, S. (2016). Lutein, zeaxanthin and meso-zeaxanthin content of eggs laid by hens supplemented with free and esterified xanthophylls. Journal of nutritional science, 5e1. https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2015.35
Nolan, John M, et al. "Lutein, zeaxanthin and meso-zeaxanthin content of eggs laid by hens supplemented with free and esterified xanthophylls." Journal of nutritional science vol. 5 (2016): e1. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2015.35
Nolan JM, Meagher KA, Howard AN, Moran R, Thurnham DI, Beatty S. Lutein, zeaxanthin and meso-zeaxanthin content of eggs laid by hens supplemented with free and esterified xanthophylls. J Nutr Sci. 2016 Jan 08;5:e1. doi: 10.1017/jns.2015.35. eCollection 2016. PMID: 26793307; PMCID: PMC4709836.
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J Nutr Sci. 2016 Jan 08;5:e1. doi: 10.1017/jns.2015.35. eCollection 2016.

Lutein, zeaxanthin and meso-zeaxanthin content of eggs laid by hens supplemented with free and esterified xanthophylls.

Journal of nutritional science

John M Nolan, Katherine A Meagher, Alan N Howard, Rachel Moran, David I Thurnham, Stephen Beatty

Affiliations

  1. School of Health Science, Macular Pigment Research Group , Vision Research Centre , Waterford Institute of Technology , Waterford , Republic of Ireland.
  2. Howard Foundation, Cambridge, UK; Downing College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
  3. Northern Ireland Centre for Food and Health (NICHE) , University of Ulster , Coleraine , UK.

PMID: 26793307 PMCID: PMC4709836 DOI: 10.1017/jns.2015.35

Abstract

The xanthophyll carotenoids lutein (L), zeaxanthin (Z) and meso-zeaxanthin (MZ) are found at the macula, the central part of the retina, where they are referred to as macular pigment (MP). MP is studied in human subjects because of its proven role in enhancing visual function and its putative role in protecting against age-related macular degeneration. These benefits are probably due to the antioxidant and short-wavelength filtering properties of MP. It is known that eggs are a dietary source of L and Z. This experiment was designed to measure the egg yolk carotenoid response to hen supplementation with L, Z and MZ. A total of forty hens were used in the trial and were divided into eight groups of five hens. Each group was supplemented (with about 140 mg active xanthophylls/kg feed) with one of the following oil-based carotenoid formulations for 6 weeks: unesterified L (group 1); L diacetate (group 2); unesterified Z (group 3); Z diacetate (group 4); unesterified MZ (group 5); MZ diacetate (group 6); L-MZ (1:1) diacetate mixture (group 7); L-MZ diacetate (1:3) mixture (group 8). Yolk carotenoid content was analysed weekly (in four randomly selected eggs) by HPLC. We found that hens supplemented with Z diacetate and MZ diacetate produced eggs with significantly greater carotenoid concentrations than their free form counterparts. This finding potentially represents the development of a novel food, suitable to increase MP and its constituent carotenoids in serum.

Keywords: CisZ, 13-cis-zeaxanthin; Egg fortification; Hen supplementation; L, lutein; Lutein; Lutein diacetate; MP, macular pigment; MTBE, methyl tert-butyl ether; MZ, meso-zeaxanthin; Meso-zeaxanthin; Meso-zeaxanthin diacetate; Z, zeaxanthin; Zeaxanthin; Zeaxanthin diacetate

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