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Luther G, Rames R, Wagner ER, et al. Molecular basis of differentiation therapy for soft tissue sarcomas. Trends Cancer Res. 2010;6:69-90
Luther, G., Rames, R., Wagner, E. R., Zhu, G., Luo, Q., Bi, Y., Kim, S. H., Gao, J. L., Huang, E., Yang, K., Wang, L., Liu, X., Li, M., Hu, N., Su, Y., Luo, X., Chen, L., Luo, J., Haydon, R. C., Luu, H. H., Zhou, L., & He, T. C. (2010). Molecular basis of differentiation therapy for soft tissue sarcomas. Trends in cancer research, 669-90.
Luther, Gaurav, et al. "Molecular basis of differentiation therapy for soft tissue sarcomas." Trends in cancer research vol. 6 (2010): 69-90.
Luther G, Rames R, Wagner ER, Zhu G, Luo Q, Bi Y, Kim SH, Gao JL, Huang E, Yang K, Wang L, Liu X, Li M, Hu N, Su Y, Luo X, Chen L, Luo J, Haydon RC, Luu HH, Zhou L, He TC. Molecular basis of differentiation therapy for soft tissue sarcomas. Trends Cancer Res. 2010;6:69-90. PMID: 26912947; PMCID: PMC4762605.
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Trends Cancer Res. 2010;6:69-90.

Molecular basis of differentiation therapy for soft tissue sarcomas.

Trends in cancer research

Gaurav Luther, Richard Rames, Eric R Wagner, Gaohui Zhu, Qing Luo, Yang Bi, Stephanie H Kim, Jian-Li Gao, Enyi Huang, Ke Yang, Linyuan Wang, Xing Liu, Mi Li, Ning Hu, Yuxi Su, Xiaoji Luo, Liang Chen, Jinyong Luo, Rex C Haydon, Hue H Luu, Lan Zhou, Tong-Chuan He

Affiliations

  1. Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
  2. Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.
  3. Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by Chinese Ministry of Education and Affiliated Hospitals, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
  4. Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; School of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
  5. Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Department of Cell Biology, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400030, China.
  6. Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA; Stem Cell Biology and Therapy Laboratory, The Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China; Key Laboratory of Diagnostic Medicine designated by Chinese Ministry of Education and Affiliated Hospitals, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.

PMID: 26912947 PMCID: PMC4762605

Abstract

Stem cells are undifferentiated precursor cells with the capacity for proliferation or terminal differentiation. Progression down the differentiation cascade results in a loss of proliferative potential in exchange for the differentiated phenotype. This balance is tightly regulated in the physiologic state. Recent studies, however, have demonstrated that during tumorigenesis, disruptions preventing terminal differentiation allow cancer cells to maintain a proliferative, precursor cell phenotype. Current therapies (i.e., chemotherapy and radiation therapy) target the actively proliferating cells in tumor masses, which in many cases inevitably induce therapy-resistant cancer cells. It is conceivable that promising therapy regimens can be developed by treating human cancers by inducing terminal differentiation, thereby restoring the interrupted pathway and shifting the balance from proliferation to differentiation. For example, osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary bone cancer caused by differentiation defects in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for which several differentiation therapies have shown great promise. In this review, we discuss the various differentiation therapies in the treatment of human sarcomas with a focus on OS. Such therapies hold great promise as they not only inhibit tumorigenesis, but also avoid the adverse effects associated with conventional chemotherapy regimens. Furthermore, it is conceivable that a combination of conventional therapies with differentiation therapy should significantly improve anticancer efficacy and reduce drug-resistance in the clinical management of human cancers, including sarcomas.

Keywords: Mesenchymal stem cells; Osteosarcoma; Sarcomas; differentiation therapy; lineage-specific differentiation; sarcomagenesis; soft tissue tumors; tumorigenesis

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