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Cacoub P, Comarmond C, Domont F, et al. Extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Ther Adv Infect Dis. 2016;3(1):3-14doi: 10.1177/2049936115585942.
Cacoub, P., Comarmond, C., Domont, F., Savey, L., Desbois, A. C., & Saadoun, D. (2016). Extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Therapeutic advances in infectious disease, 3(1), 3-14. https://doi.org/10.1177/2049936115585942
Cacoub, Patrice, et al. "Extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C virus infection." Therapeutic advances in infectious disease vol. 3,1 (2016): 3-14. doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/2049936115585942
Cacoub P, Comarmond C, Domont F, Savey L, Desbois AC, Saadoun D. Extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C virus infection. Ther Adv Infect Dis. 2016 Feb;3(1):3-14. doi: 10.1177/2049936115585942. PMID: 26862398; PMCID: PMC4735500.
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Ther Adv Infect Dis. 2016 Feb;3(1):3-14. doi: 10.1177/2049936115585942.

Extrahepatic manifestations of chronic hepatitis C virus infection.

Therapeutic advances in infectious disease

Patrice Cacoub, Cloe Comarmond, Fanny Domont, Léa Savey, Anne C Desbois, David Saadoun

Affiliations

  1. Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, and Inflammation Immunopathology Biotherapy Department (DHU i2B), Paris, France.

PMID: 26862398 PMCID: PMC4735500 DOI: 10.1177/2049936115585942

Abstract

During hepatitis C virus (HCV) chronic infection, extrahepatic manifestations are frequent and polymorphous. This article reports on a large cohort of patients with HCV-related autoimmune or lymphoproliferative disorders, from mixed cryoglobulinemia vasculitis to frank lymphomas. The relationship between HCV infection and such immune-related diseases has been formally demonstrated by epidemiological, clinical, immunological and pathological data, and results of therapeutic trials. More recently, other nonliver-related HCV disorders have been reported, including cardiovascular (i.e. stroke, ischemic heart disease), renal, metabolic and central nervous system diseases. For these manifestations, most evidence comes from large epidemiological studies; there is a need for mechanistic studies and therapeutic trials for confirmation. Beyond the risk of developing liver complications, that is, cirrhosis and liver cancer, patients with HCV infection have an increased risk of morbidity and mortality related to nonliver diseases. HCV chronic infection should be analyzed as a systemic disease in which extrahepatic consequences increase the weight of its pathological burden. The need for effective viral eradication measures is underlined.

Keywords: extrahepatic manifestations; hepatitis C virus; treatment

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