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Melendrez MC, Becraft ED, Wood JM, et al. Recombination Does Not Hinder Formation or Detection of Ecological Species of Synechococcus Inhabiting a Hot Spring Cyanobacterial Mat. Front Microbiol. 2016;6:1540doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01540.
Melendrez, M. C., Becraft, E. D., Wood, J. M., Olsen, M. T., Bryant, D. A., Heidelberg, J. F., Rusch, D. B., Cohan, F. M., & Ward, D. M. (2015). Recombination Does Not Hinder Formation or Detection of Ecological Species of Synechococcus Inhabiting a Hot Spring Cyanobacterial Mat. Frontiers in microbiology, 61540. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01540
Melendrez, Melanie C, et al. "Recombination Does Not Hinder Formation or Detection of Ecological Species of Synechococcus Inhabiting a Hot Spring Cyanobacterial Mat." Frontiers in microbiology vol. 6 (2015): 1540. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01540
Melendrez MC, Becraft ED, Wood JM, Olsen MT, Bryant DA, Heidelberg JF, Rusch DB, Cohan FM, Ward DM. Recombination Does Not Hinder Formation or Detection of Ecological Species of Synechococcus Inhabiting a Hot Spring Cyanobacterial Mat. Front Microbiol. 2016 Jan 14;6:1540. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01540. eCollection 2015. PMID: 26834710; PMCID: PMC4712262.
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Front Microbiol. 2016 Jan 14;6:1540. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01540. eCollection 2015.

Recombination Does Not Hinder Formation or Detection of Ecological Species of Synechococcus Inhabiting a Hot Spring Cyanobacterial Mat.

Frontiers in microbiology

Melanie C Melendrez, Eric D Becraft, Jason M Wood, Millie T Olsen, Donald A Bryant, John F Heidelberg, Douglas B Rusch, Frederick M Cohan, David M Ward

Affiliations

  1. Department of Land Resources and Environmental Science, Montana State University Bozeman, MT, USA.
  2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA, USA.
  3. Department of Biological Sciences, College of Letters, Arts and Sciences, University of Southern California Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  4. Informatics Group, J. Craig Venter Institute Rockville, MD, USA.
  5. Department of Biology, Wesleyan University Middletown, CT, USA.

PMID: 26834710 PMCID: PMC4712262 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01540

Abstract

Recent studies of bacterial speciation have claimed to support the biological species concept-that reduced recombination is required for bacterial populations to diverge into species. This conclusion has been reached from the discovery that ecologically distinct clades show lower rates of recombination than that which occurs among closest relatives. However, these previous studies did not attempt to determine whether the more-rapidly recombining close relatives within the clades studied may also have diversified ecologically, without benefit of sexual isolation. Here we have measured the impact of recombination on ecological diversification within and between two ecologically distinct clades (A and B') of Synechococcus in a hot spring microbial mat in Yellowstone National Park, using a cultivation-free, multi-locus approach. Bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries were constructed from mat samples collected at 60°C and 65°C. Analysis of multiple linked loci near Synechococcus 16S rRNA genes showed little evidence of recombination between the A and B' lineages, but a record of recombination was apparent within each lineage. Recombination and mutation rates within each lineage were of similar magnitude, but recombination had a somewhat greater impact on sequence diversity than mutation, as also seen in many other bacteria and archaea. Despite recombination within the A and B' lineages, there was evidence of ecological diversification within each lineage. The algorithm Ecotype Simulation identified sequence clusters consistent with ecologically distinct populations (ecotypes), and several hypothesized ecotypes were distinct in their habitat associations and in their adaptations to different microenvironments. We conclude that sexual isolation is more likely to follow ecological divergence than to precede it. Thus, an ecology-based model of speciation appears more appropriate than the biological species concept for bacterial and archaeal diversification.

Keywords: Ecotype Simulation; Synechococcus; cyanobacteria; ecotype; multi-locus sequence typing; population genetics; recombination; speciation

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