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Kobayashi M, Usuda S. Development of a clinical assessment test of 180-degree standing turn strategy (CAT-STS) and investigation of its reliability and validity. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016;28(2):646-53doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.646.
Kobayashi, M., & Usuda, S. (2016). Development of a clinical assessment test of 180-degree standing turn strategy (CAT-STS) and investigation of its reliability and validity. Journal of physical therapy science, 28(2), 646-53. https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.28.646
Kobayashi, Masaki, and Usuda, Shigeru. "Development of a clinical assessment test of 180-degree standing turn strategy (CAT-STS) and investigation of its reliability and validity." Journal of physical therapy science vol. 28,2 (2016): 646-53. doi: https://doi.org/10.1589/jpts.28.646
Kobayashi M, Usuda S. Development of a clinical assessment test of 180-degree standing turn strategy (CAT-STS) and investigation of its reliability and validity. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016 Jan;28(2):646-53. doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.646. Epub 2016 Feb 29. PMID: 27065557; PMCID: PMC4793026.
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J Phys Ther Sci. 2016 Jan;28(2):646-53. doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.646. Epub 2016 Feb 29.

Development of a clinical assessment test of 180-degree standing turn strategy (CAT-STS) and investigation of its reliability and validity.

Journal of physical therapy science

Masaki Kobayashi, Shigeru Usuda

Affiliations

  1. Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Japan; Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Japan.
  2. Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Japan.

PMID: 27065557 PMCID: PMC4793026 DOI: 10.1589/jpts.28.646

Abstract

[Purpose] To develop a clinical assessment test of 180-degree standing turn strategy (CAT-STS) and quantify its reliability and construct validity. [Subjects] Outpatients with stroke that occurred at least 6 months previously (N = 27) who could walk 10 m without physical assistance were included. [Methods] The CAT-STS was based on the literature and discussion with four physical therapists. The final version of the CAT-STS includes seven items: direction, use of space, foot movement, initiation, termination, instability, and non-fluidity. Patients were videotaped performing a 180-degree turn while standing. The Motricity Index, gait speed and Functional Ambulation Category were also evaluated. Two raters evaluated the turn on two occasions, and inter- and intra-rater reliability were calculated. Construct validity was also calculated. [Results] Inter-rater reliability was fair or moderate for many items (kappa = 0.221-0.746). Intra-rater reliability was good-to-excellent for all items (kappa = 0.681-0.846) except direction and termination. Inter- and intra-rater reliability of the total CAT-STS score were substantial and excellent, respectively (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.725 and 0.865, respectively). The total CAT-STS score was associated with walking ability and the time and number of steps taken to turn. [Conclusion] The total CAT-STS score is a reliable and valid measure.

Keywords: Outcome assessment; Reliability and validity; Standing turn strategy

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