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Transl Med UniSa. 2016 Jan 31;13:33-41. eCollection 2015 Dec.

A Nutritional Approach to the Prevention of Cancer: from Assessment to Personalized Intervention.

Translational medicine @ UniSa

L Di Furia, M R Rusciano, L Leonardini, P Rossi, C Giammarchi, E Vittori, S Tilocca, F L Russo, P Montuori, M Triassi, A Nardone, M D Giaimo, M Migazzi, S Piffer, A Iaria, A Trapasso, A Firenze, R Cristaudo, M Revello, A Castiglion, V Zagonel, G Iaccarino, A Addis, L Natale, C Di Somma, A Colao, A Perra, K Giova, N Montuori, M Illario

Affiliations

  1. ARS Regione Marche, Federico II University, and R&D Unit, Federico II University Hospital.
  2. Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, and R&D Unit, Federico II University Hospital.
  3. Regione del Veneto - Progetto Mattone Internazionale.
  4. Ministero della Salute, Direzione generale della comunicazione e dei rapporti europei e internazionali.
  5. ASL8 Regione Sardegna.
  6. ASL Salerno regione Campania.
  7. Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università Federico II.
  8. Direzione salute e coesione sociale- Regione Umbria.
  9. Servizio Epidemiologia Clinica e ValutativaAPSS - Trento.
  10. Regione Calabria.
  11. Università degli studi di Palermo Dipartimento di Scienze per la promozione della salute e materno Infantile (DSPSMI) "Giuseppe D'Alessandro"
  12. Azienda USL della Valle d'Aosta.
  13. Regione Piemonte.
  14. U.O.C. Oncologia Medica 1, Istituto Oncologico Veneto, IRCCS, Padova.
  15. Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Salerno.
  16. Agenzia sanitaria e sociale regionale-Assr Emilia-Romagna.
  17. Dipartimento Salute e Risorse Naturali - Regione Campania.
  18. IRCCS SDN Napoli, Universita' Federico.
  19. Dipartimento Di Medicina Clinica E Chirurgia, Sezione Di Endocrinologia, Universita' Federico.
  20. Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Roma.
  21. ASL Napoli 3 Sud Regione Campania.
  22. Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Federico II University, and R&D Unit, Federico II University Hospital; Reference Site Campania EIP on AHA-AOU Federico II UOS Ricerca e Sviluppo.

PMID: 27042431 PMCID: PMC4811347

Abstract

Among lifestyle factors, nutrition is one of the most important determinants of health, and represents a pivotal element of cancer risk. Nonetheless, epidemiological evidences of the relationship between several cancers and specific foods and nutrients is still inadequate, and solid conclusions are missing. Indeed, caloric restriction without malnutrition is associated to cancer prevention. Food may be also the primary route of exposure to contaminants such as metals, persistent organic pollutants, and pesticides. Exposuredisease associations and the interplay with genetic susceptibility requires further studies on genetic variation, environment, lifestyle, and chronic disease in order to eliminate and reduce associated health risks, thus contributing to improve health outcomes for the population. A primary nutritional approach for Active and Healthy Ageing (AHA) has been developed by the Nutrition group of the European Innovation Partnership (EIP) on AHA. The working group on lifestyles of the Italian Ministry of Health has developed a comprehensive approach to adequate nutrition using a consensus methodology to collect and integrate the available evidences from the literature and from the Italian experiences at the regional level, to raise the interest of other experts and relevant stakeholders to outline and scale-up joint strategies for a primary nutritional approach to cancer prevention.

Keywords: Nutritional interventions; cancer prevention; lifestyle and cancer risk

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