Display options
Cite
Bedrossian N, Haidar M, Fares J, et al. Inflammation and Elevation of Interleukin-12p40 in Patients with Schizophrenia. Front Mol Neurosci. 2016;9:16doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00016.
Bedrossian, N., Haidar, M., Fares, J., Kobeissy, F. H., & Fares, Y. (2016). Inflammation and Elevation of Interleukin-12p40 in Patients with Schizophrenia. Frontiers in molecular neuroscience, 916. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2016.00016
Bedrossian, Nora, et al. "Inflammation and Elevation of Interleukin-12p40 in Patients with Schizophrenia." Frontiers in molecular neuroscience vol. 9 (2016): 16. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnmol.2016.00016
Bedrossian N, Haidar M, Fares J, Kobeissy FH, Fares Y. Inflammation and Elevation of Interleukin-12p40 in Patients with Schizophrenia. Front Mol Neurosci. 2016 Mar 22;9:16. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00016. eCollection 2016. PMID: 27047333; PMCID: PMC4801873.
Copy Download .nbib Format: NLM
Share it on

Front Mol Neurosci. 2016 Mar 22;9:16. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00016. eCollection 2016.

Inflammation and Elevation of Interleukin-12p40 in Patients with Schizophrenia.

Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

Nora Bedrossian, Mariam Haidar, Jawad Fares, Firas H Kobeissy, Youssef Fares

Affiliations

  1. Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese UniversityBeirut, Lebanon; Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese UniversityBeirut, Lebanon.
  2. Faculty of Science, Lebanese University Beirut, Lebanon.
  3. Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese UniversityBeirut, Lebanon; Faculty of Medicine, American University of BeirutBeirut, Lebanon.
  4. Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine and McKnight Brain Institute, University of FloridaGainesville, FL, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut Medical CenterBeirut, Lebanon.
  5. Neuroscience Research Center, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese UniversityBeirut, Lebanon; Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese UniversityBeirut, Lebanon.

PMID: 27047333 PMCID: PMC4801873 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2016.00016

Abstract

Schizophrenia is a serious mental illness with chronic symptoms and significant impairment in psychosocial functioning, which suggests that it likely has neurodegenerative characteristics. Inflammatory markers such as pro-inflammatory cytokines are well-known etiological contributors for psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. Although, the role of inflammation in schizophrenia is becoming evident, the number of studies in this area is relatively scarce, especially in Lebanon, and increased procedural thoroughness is needed. Cytokines play a key role in the activation of the immune system and strongly influence neurotransmission. Previous investigation of plasma levels showed dysregulation of interleukin (IL)-12. However, genotypical variations of this interleukin have not been investigated for patients with schizophrenia yet. Thus, in this paper, we aimed to compute and assess IL-12p40 levels in the sera of individuals with schizophrenia from different provinces in Lebanon and compare it to controls. Healthy subjects comprised 60 individuals with a male/female (M/F) ratio of 31/29, whereas patients with schizophrenia consisted of 63 subjects with an M/F ratio of 30/33. The mean age for healthy controls was 30 years, whereas that for patients with schizophrenia was 35 years. A standardized enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique was used to measure the concentration of IL-12p40 in all collected sera (n = 123). The mean IL-12p40 levels in patients with schizophrenia were significantly higher than in healthy controls (p = 0.002). Healthy females had a significantly higher concentration of IL-12p40 than healthy males (p = 0.009). Female patients with schizophrenia had significantly higher concentrations of IL-12p40 than their male counterparts (p < 0.001), healthy females (p = 0.018), and healthy males (p < 0.001), respectively. Male patients with schizophrenia had significantly higher concentrations of IL-12p40 than healthy males (p = 0.023). The study's results suggest that IL-12p40 has a putative role as a potential marker in schizophrenia and that its elevation may participate in its pathogenesis. IL-12p40 may be included in a panel to be evaluated in the sera of patients with schizophrenia and an appreciation of its independent function is important for improving our understanding of both protective and pathogenic immune responses. Future research should aim to assess this interleukin and understand its role in other mental illnesses that share a similar etiology to schizophrenia.

Keywords: ELISA; IL-12p40; Lebanon; biomarker; cytokine; inflammation; interleukin; schizophrenia

References

  1. BMC Psychiatry. 2013 May 24;13:146 - PubMed
  2. Urology. 2001 Jun;57(6 Suppl 1):40-6 - PubMed
  3. Med Hypotheses. 2001 Apr;56(4):483-6 - PubMed
  4. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2002 Feb;2(1):63-8 - PubMed
  5. Mol Psychiatry. 2005 Jan;10(1):40-68; image 5 - PubMed
  6. Immunology. 2006 Jan;117(1):22-8 - PubMed
  7. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2014 Jan 3;48:277-86 - PubMed
  8. Transplant Proc. 1998 Aug;30(5):2373-7 - PubMed
  9. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2016 Jun;160:127-33 - PubMed
  10. Br J Psychiatry. 2002 Sep;181:184-7 - PubMed
  11. J Clin Psychiatry. 2004 Jul;65(7):940-7 - PubMed
  12. Infect Immun. 1997 Nov;65(11):4734-7 - PubMed
  13. Schizophr Res. 2008 Jul;102(1-3):352-5 - PubMed
  14. Brain Res Brain Res Rev. 2000 Mar;31(2-3):130-7 - PubMed
  15. Med Hypotheses. 1995 Aug;45(2):135-41 - PubMed
  16. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2008 Jun;62(3):307-12 - PubMed
  17. Br J Psychiatry. 2003 Sep;183:197-206 - PubMed
  18. Nat Rev Immunol. 2003 Feb;3(2):133-46 - PubMed
  19. Brain Behav Immun. 2009 Oct;23(7):887-97 - PubMed
  20. Am J Psychiatry. 2000 May;157(5):683-94 - PubMed
  21. J Neurosci. 2001 Mar 15;21(6):1809-18 - PubMed
  22. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1996 Oct 31;795:1-12 - PubMed
  23. Neurol Sci. 2014 Jun;35(6):905-10 - PubMed
  24. Schizophr Res. 2002 Apr 1;54(3):281-91 - PubMed
  25. Mol Psychiatry. 2002;7(10):1107-14 - PubMed
  26. Neurol Sci. 2013 Dec;34(12):2095-100 - PubMed
  27. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 1996 Jun;7(1):35-46 - PubMed
  28. Schizophr Res. 2014 Jun;156(1):1-8 - PubMed
  29. World J Biol Psychiatry. 2009;10(2):127-55 - PubMed
  30. Acta Neuropsychiatr. 2003 Jun;15(3):148-55 - PubMed
  31. J Clin Invest. 2003 Dec;112(12):1821-30 - PubMed
  32. Mol Psychiatry. 2009 Dec;14(12):1069-71 - PubMed
  33. Eur J Immunol. 1995 Jan;25(1):200-6 - PubMed
  34. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2008 Jan;9(1):46-56 - PubMed
  35. J Clin Invest. 2003 Dec;112(12):1796-808 - PubMed
  36. Schizophr Res. 2002 Jul 1;56(1-2):47-54 - PubMed
  37. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2001 Jul;28(7):581-9 - PubMed
  38. J Neurochem. 2012 Mar;120(6):948-63 - PubMed
  39. Eur J Immunol. 1993 Sep;23(9):2202-8 - PubMed
  40. Cytokine. 2011 Aug;55(2):318-23 - PubMed
  41. J Clin Invest. 1991 Apr;87(4):1360-6 - PubMed
  42. Nat Rev Immunol. 2005 Jul;5(7):521-31 - PubMed
  43. Curr Pharm Des. 2005;11(8):973-84 - PubMed
  44. J Neurobiol. 1999 Sep 15;40(4):484-96 - PubMed
  45. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2008 Apr;65(4):395-407 - PubMed
  46. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Nov;283(5):E899-908 - PubMed
  47. J Immunol. 1986 Apr 1;136(7):2348-57 - PubMed
  48. Immunity. 2003 Nov;19(5):641-4 - PubMed
  49. Scand J Immunol. 2002 Jul;56(1):1-11 - PubMed
  50. Neurology. 1995 Jun;45(6 Suppl 6):S6-10 - PubMed
  51. Brain Behav Immun. 2005 Nov;19(6):555-63 - PubMed
  52. Schizophr Res. 1998 Jun 22;32(1):9-15 - PubMed
  53. Neurol Sci. 2013 Nov;34(11):1971-6 - PubMed
  54. BMC Psychiatry. 2007 Sep 06;7:46 - PubMed
  55. Trends Immunol. 2007 Jan;28(1):33-8 - PubMed
  56. Eur J Neurosci. 2007 May;25(10):3039-46 - PubMed
  57. Biol Psychiatry. 2011 Oct 1;70(7):663-71 - PubMed
  58. J Infect Public Health. 2013 Dec;6(6):482-6 - PubMed
  59. J Leukoc Biol. 2005 Dec;78(6):1204-9 - PubMed
  60. Expert Rev Neurother. 2007 Jul;7(7):789-96 - PubMed
  61. Nature. 2002 Dec 19-26;420(6917):846-52 - PubMed
  62. J Leukoc Biol. 2008 Sep;84(3):587-94 - PubMed
  63. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2003 Aug;28(8):1515-20 - PubMed
  64. Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2011 Nov;36(10):1495-504 - PubMed
  65. Brain Res Bull. 1989 Dec;23(6):433-7 - PubMed

Publication Types