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Ohmura H, Okano A, Mukai K, et al. Cardiorespiratory and anesthetic effects of combined alfaxalone, butorphanol, and medetomidine in Thoroughbred horses. J Equine Sci. 2016;27(1):7-11doi: 10.1294/jes.27.7.
Ohmura, H., Okano, A., Mukai, K., Fukuda, K., & Takahashi, T. (2016). Cardiorespiratory and anesthetic effects of combined alfaxalone, butorphanol, and medetomidine in Thoroughbred horses. Journal of equine science, 27(1), 7-11. https://doi.org/10.1294/jes.27.7
Ohmura, Hajime, et al. "Cardiorespiratory and anesthetic effects of combined alfaxalone, butorphanol, and medetomidine in Thoroughbred horses." Journal of equine science vol. 27,1 (2016): 7-11. doi: https://doi.org/10.1294/jes.27.7
Ohmura H, Okano A, Mukai K, Fukuda K, Takahashi T. Cardiorespiratory and anesthetic effects of combined alfaxalone, butorphanol, and medetomidine in Thoroughbred horses. J Equine Sci. 2016;27(1):7-11. doi: 10.1294/jes.27.7. Epub 2016 Apr 12. PMID: 27073330; PMCID: PMC4828246.
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J Equine Sci. 2016;27(1):7-11. doi: 10.1294/jes.27.7. Epub 2016 Apr 12.

Cardiorespiratory and anesthetic effects of combined alfaxalone, butorphanol, and medetomidine in Thoroughbred horses.

Journal of equine science

Hajime Ohmura, Atsushi Okano, Kazutaka Mukai, Kentaro Fukuda, Toshiyuki Takahashi

Affiliations

  1. Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi 320-0856, Japan.

PMID: 27073330 PMCID: PMC4828246 DOI: 10.1294/jes.27.7

Abstract

This study evaluated induction of anesthesia and cardiorespiratory and anesthetic effects during maintained anesthesia with the combination of alfaxalone, medetomidine, and butorphanol. Alfaxalone (1.0 mg/kg) was administered to induce anesthesia after premedication with medetomidine (7.0 µg/kg), butorphanol (25 µg/kg), and midazolam (50 µg/kg) in six Thoroughbred horses. Intravenous general anesthesia was maintained with alfaxalone (2.0 mg/(kg∙hr)), medetomidine (5.0 µg/(kg∙hr)), and butorphanol (30 µg/(kg∙hr)) for 60 min. Electrical stimulation of the upper oral mucosa was used to assess anesthetic depth at 10 min intervals during anesthesia. Heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were measured. All horses became recumbent within 1 min after alfaxalone administration. Induction scores were 5 (best) in five horses and 4 in one horse. During the 60-min anesthesia, average HR, RR, and MAP were 35.8 ± 2.6 beat/min, 4.7 ± 0.6 breath/min, and 129 ± 3 mmHg, respectively. No horse moved with electrical stimulation; however, two horses experienced apnea (no respiration for 1 to 3 min). Recovery scores were 5 (best) in two horses and 3 in four horses. These results suggest that alfaxalone is effective for induction and maintenance of anesthesia and analgesia when combined with butorphanol and medetomidine for 60 min in Thoroughbreds. However, respiratory depression might require support.

Keywords: TIVA; Thoroughbred; alfaxalone; butorphanol; medetomidine

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