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Sci Rep. 2016 Apr 06;6:23902. doi: 10.1038/srep23902.

A wild Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin adopts a socially and genetically distant neonate.

Scientific reports

Mai Sakai, Yuki F Kita, Kazunobu Kogi, Masanori Shinohara, Tadamichi Morisaka, Takashi Shiina, Miho Inoue-Murayama

Affiliations

  1. Department of Fisheries, Kindai University, 3327-204 Nakamachi, Nara, 631-8505, Japan.
  2. Department of Marine Biology and Sciences School of Biological Sciences, Tokai University, 5-1-1 Minamisawa, Minami-ku, Sapporo-shi, Hokkaido 005-8601, Japan.
  3. Mikura Island Tourist Information Centre, Mikurajima-mura, Tokyo 100-1301, Japan.
  4. Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Teikyo University of Science, 2525 Yatsusawa, Uenohara-shi, Yamanashi 409-0193, Japan.
  5. Institute of Innovative Science and Technology, Tokai University, 3-20-1 Orido, Shimizu-ku, Shizuoka-shi, Shizuoka 424-8610, Japan.
  6. Department of Molecular Life Science, Division of Basic Medical Science and Molecular Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara-shi, Kanagawa 259-1143, Japan.
  7. Wildlife Research Center, Kyoto University, 2-24 Tanaka-sekiden-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto-shi, Kyoto 606-8203, Japan.
  8. Wildlife Genome Collaborative Research Group, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.

PMID: 27049937 PMCID: PMC4822121 DOI: 10.1038/srep23902

Abstract

Alloparental behaviour and adoption have been reported in many mammals and birds. Such behaviours are energetically costly, and their causes and functions remain unclear. We observed the adoption behaviour of a wild Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops aduncus) near Mikura Island, Japan. A calf was seen with its mother on six observation days. Following the mother's death, the calf was observed with a sub-adult female on all 18 observation days from May to September 2012. On three days, the calf was observed swimming with this female in the suckling position and milk was seen leaking from the female's mammary slit. A five-year dataset revealed no significant social or kin relationships between the biological mother and allomother, indicating that kinship and social relationships did not play an important role in the observed adoption.

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