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Curr Epidemiol Rep. 2016 Mar 01;3(1):113-124. doi: 10.1007/s40471-016-0065-9. Epub 2016 Feb 15.

Connecting the Dots in Childhood Obesity Disparities: A Review of Growth Patterns from Birth to Pre-Adolescence.

Current epidemiology reports

Janne Boone-Heinonen, Lynne Messer, Kate Andrade, Erin Takemoto

Affiliations

  1. Oregon Health & Science University, OHSU-PSU School of Public Health 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, CB669 Portland, OR 97239-3098.
  2. Portland State University; OHSU-PSU School of Public Health 470H Urban Center; 506 SW Mill St. Portland, OR 37201 (P) 503.725.5182 (F) 503.725.5100 [email protected].
  3. University of Minnesota, Division of Epidemiology & Community Health 1300 S 2 St, Ste 300 Minneapolis, MN 55454 [email protected].
  4. Oregon Health & Science University, OHSU-PSU School of Public Health 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, CB669 Portland, OR 97239-3098 (P) 503-418-9810 [email protected].

PMID: 27172171 PMCID: PMC4860358 DOI: 10.1007/s40471-016-0065-9

Abstract

In this review, we considered how disparities in obesity emerge between birth, when socially disadvantaged infants tend to be small, and later in childhood, when socially disadvantaged groups have high risk of obesity. We reviewed epidemiologic evidence of socioeconomic and racial/ethnic differences in growth from infancy to pre-adolescence. Minority race/ethnicity and lower socioeconomic status was associated with rapid weight gain in infancy but not in older age groups, and social differences in linear growth and relative weight were unclear. Infant feeding practices was the most consistent mediator of social disparities in growth, but mediation analysis was uncommon and other factors have only begun to be explored. Complex life course processes challenge the field of social epidemiology to develop innovative study designs and analytic techniques with which to pose and test challenging yet impactful research questions about how obesity disparities evolve throughout childhood.

Keywords: Ethnic groups; Obesity; Socioeconomic factors; child; infant; longitudinal

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