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Choi J, Song S, Hörantner MT, et al. Well-Defined Nanostructured, Single-Crystalline TiO2 Electron Transport Layer for Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS Nano. 2016;10(6):6029-36doi: 10.1021/acsnano.6b01575.
Choi, J., Song, S., Hörantner, M. T., Snaith, H. J., & Park, T. (2016). Well-Defined Nanostructured, Single-Crystalline TiO2 Electron Transport Layer for Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS nano, 10(6), 6029-36. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.6b01575
Choi, Jongmin, et al. "Well-Defined Nanostructured, Single-Crystalline TiO2 Electron Transport Layer for Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells." ACS nano vol. 10,6 (2016): 6029-36. doi: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.6b01575
Choi J, Song S, Hörantner MT, Snaith HJ, Park T. Well-Defined Nanostructured, Single-Crystalline TiO2 Electron Transport Layer for Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS Nano. 2016 Jun 28;10(6):6029-36. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.6b01575. Epub 2016 May 18. PMID: 27183030.
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ACS Nano. 2016 Jun 28;10(6):6029-36. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.6b01575. Epub 2016 May 18.

Well-Defined Nanostructured, Single-Crystalline TiO2 Electron Transport Layer for Efficient Planar Perovskite Solar Cells.

ACS nano

Jongmin Choi, Seulki Song, Maximilian T Hörantner, Henry J Snaith, Taiho Park

Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) , San 31, Nam-gu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-784, Korea.
  2. Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, University of Oxford , Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PU, United Kingdom.

PMID: 27183030 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.6b01575

Abstract

An electron transporting layer (ETL) plays an important role in extracting electrons from a perovskite layer and blocking recombination between electrons in the fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) and holes in the perovskite layers, especially in planar perovskite solar cells. Dense TiO2 ETLs prepared by a solution-processed spin-coating method (S-TiO2) are mainly used in devices due to their ease of fabrication. Herein, we found that fatal morphological defects at the S-TiO2 interface due to a rough FTO surface, including an irregular film thickness, discontinuous areas, and poor physical contact between the S-TiO2 and the FTO layers, were inevitable and lowered the charge transport properties through the planar perovskite solar cells. The effects of the morphological defects were mitigated in this work using a TiO2 ETL produced from sputtering and anodization. This method produced a well-defined nanostructured TiO2 ETL with an excellent transmittance, single-crystalline properties, a uniform film thickness, a large effective area, and defect-free physical contact with a rough substrate that provided outstanding electron extraction and hole blocking in a planar perovskite solar cell. In planar perovskite devices, anodized TiO2 ETL (A-TiO2) increased the power conversion efficiency by 22% (from 12.5 to 15.2%), and the stabilized maximum power output efficiency increased by 44% (from 8.9 to 12.8%) compared with S-TiO2. This work highlights the importance of the ETL geometry for maximizing device performance and provides insights into achieving ideal ETL morphologies that remedy the drawbacks observed in conventional spin-coated ETLs.

Keywords: TiO2; anodization; electron transport layer; nanostructures; perovskite; solar cell

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