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Krull H, Bittner N, Uhrig GS, et al. Coupling of Higgs and Leggett modes in non-equilibrium superconductors. Nat Commun. 2016;7:11921doi: 10.1038/ncomms11921.
Krull, H., Bittner, N., Uhrig, G. S., Manske, D., & Schnyder, A. P. (2016). Coupling of Higgs and Leggett modes in non-equilibrium superconductors. Nature communications, 711921. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11921
Krull, H, et al. "Coupling of Higgs and Leggett modes in non-equilibrium superconductors." Nature communications vol. 7 (2016): 11921. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms11921
Krull H, Bittner N, Uhrig GS, Manske D, Schnyder AP. Coupling of Higgs and Leggett modes in non-equilibrium superconductors. Nat Commun. 2016 Jun 21;7:11921. doi: 10.1038/ncomms11921. PMID: 27323887; PMCID: PMC4919519.
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Nat Commun. 2016 Jun 21;7:11921. doi: 10.1038/ncomms11921.

Coupling of Higgs and Leggett modes in non-equilibrium superconductors.

Nature communications

H Krull, N Bittner, G S Uhrig, D Manske, A P Schnyder

Affiliations

  1. Lehrstuhl für Theoretische Physik I, Technische Univerität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn Strasse 4, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany.
  2. Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.

PMID: 27323887 PMCID: PMC4919519 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11921

Abstract

In equilibrium systems amplitude and phase collective modes are decoupled, as they are mutually orthogonal excitations. The direct detection of these Higgs and Leggett collective modes by linear-response measurements is not possible, because they do not couple directly to the electromagnetic field. In this work, using numerical exact simulations we show for the case of two-gap superconductors, that optical pump-probe experiments excite both Higgs and Leggett modes out of equilibrium. We find that this non-adiabatic excitation process introduces a strong interaction between the collective modes, which is absent in equilibrium. Moreover, we propose a type of pump-probe experiment, which allows to probe and coherently control the Higgs and Leggett modes, and thus the order parameter directly. These findings go beyond two-band superconductors and apply to general collective modes in quantum materials.

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