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Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2016 Nov;94(11):1117-1121. doi: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0052. Epub 2016 May 19.

The functional morphology and role of cardiac telocytes in myocardium regeneration.

Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology

Ivan Varga, Lubos Danisovic, Jan Kyselovic, Andrea Gazova, Peter Musil, Michal Miko, Stefan Polak

Affiliations

  1. a Institute of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova Street 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia.
  2. b Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova Street 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia.
  3. c Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Odbojarov Street 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia.
  4. d Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Sasinkova Street 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia.

PMID: 27428566 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0052

Abstract

Key morphological discoveries in recent years have included the discovery of new cell populations inside the heart called cardiac telocytes. These newly described cells of the connective tissue have extremely long cytoplasmic processes through which they form functionally connected three-dimensional networks that connect cells of the immune system, nerve fibers, cardiac stem cells, and cardiac muscle cells. Based on their functions, telocytes are also referred to as "connecting cells" or "nurse cells" for cardiac progenitor stem cells. In this critical review, we provide a summary of the latest research on cardiac telocytes localized in all layers of the heart - from the historical background of their discovery, through ultrastructural, immunohistochemical, and functional characterizations, to the application of this knowledge to the fields of cardiology, stem cell research, and regenerative medicine.

Keywords: cellules semblables aux cellules interstitielles de Cajal; functional morphology; interstitial Cajal-like cells; morphologie fonctionnelle; myocarde; myocardium; regeneration; régénérescence; telocytes; télocytes

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