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Karnik S, Jammalamadaka UM, Tappa KK, et al. Performance evaluation of nanoclay enriched anti-microbial hydrogels for biomedical applications. Heliyon. 2016;2(2):e00072doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2016.e00072.
Karnik, S., Jammalamadaka, U. M., Tappa, K. K., Giorno, R., & Mills, D. K. (2016). Performance evaluation of nanoclay enriched anti-microbial hydrogels for biomedical applications. Heliyon, 2(2), e00072. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2016.e00072
Karnik, Sonali, et al. "Performance evaluation of nanoclay enriched anti-microbial hydrogels for biomedical applications." Heliyon vol. 2,2 (2016): e00072. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2016.e00072
Karnik S, Jammalamadaka UM, Tappa KK, Giorno R, Mills DK. Performance evaluation of nanoclay enriched anti-microbial hydrogels for biomedical applications. Heliyon. 2016 Feb 12;2(2):e00072. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2016.e00072. eCollection 2016 Feb. PMID: 27441251; PMCID: PMC4945899.
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Heliyon. 2016 Feb 12;2(2):e00072. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2016.e00072. eCollection 2016 Feb.

Performance evaluation of nanoclay enriched anti-microbial hydrogels for biomedical applications.

Heliyon

Sonali Karnik, Udayabhanu M Jammalamadaka, Karthik K Tappa, Rebecca Giorno, David K Mills

Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA, USA.
  2. School of Biological Sciences, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA, USA.
  3. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA, USA; School of Biological Sciences, Louisiana Tech University, Ruston, LA, USA.

PMID: 27441251 PMCID: PMC4945899 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2016.e00072

Abstract

A major factor contributing to the failure of orthopedic and orthodontic implants is post-surgical infection. Coating metallic implant surfaces with anti-microbial agents has shown promise but does not always prevent the formation of bacterial biofilms. Furthermore, breakdown of these coatings within the human body can cause release of the anti-microbial drugs in an uncontrolled or unpredictable fashion. In this study, we used a calcium alginate and calcium phosphate cement (CPC) hydrogel composite as the base material and enriched these hydrogels with the anti-microbial drug, gentamicin sulfate, loaded within a halloysite nanotubes (HNTs). Our results demonstrate a sustained and extended release of gentamicin from hydrogels enriched with the gentamicin-loaded HNTs. When tested against the gram-negative bacteria, the hydrogel/nanoclay composites showed a pronounced zone of inhibition suggesting that anti-microbial doped nanoclay enriched hydrogels can prevent the growth of bacteria. The release of gentamicin sulfate for a period of five days from the nanoclay-enriched hydrogels would supply anti-microbial agents in a sustained and controlled manner and assist in preventing microbial growth and biofilm formation on the titanium implant surface. A pilot study, using mouse osteoblasts, confirmed that the nanoclay enriched surfaces are also cell supportive as osteoblasts readily, proliferated and produced a type I collagen and proteoglycan matrix.

Keywords: Bioengineering; Biological sciences; Biomaterials; Biomedical engineering; Engineering; Health sciences

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