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Clin Transl Allergy. 2016 Jun 16;6:21. doi: 10.1186/s13601-016-0110-2. eCollection 2016.

Current challenges facing the assessment of the allergenic capacity of food allergens in animal models.

Clinical and translational allergy

Katrine Lindholm Bøgh, Jolanda van Bilsen, Robert Głogowski, Iván López-Expósito, Grégory Bouchaud, Carine Blanchard, Marie Bodinier, Joost Smit, Raymond Pieters, Shanna Bastiaan-Net, Nicole de Wit, Eva Untersmayr, Karine Adel-Patient, Leon Knippels, Michelle M Epstein, Mario Noti, Unni Cecilie Nygaard, Ian Kimber, Kitty Verhoeckx, Liam O'Mahony

Affiliations

  1. National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Søborg, Denmark.
  2. TNO, Zeist, The Netherlands.
  3. Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
  4. Department of Bioactivity and Food Analysis, Institute for Food Science Research (CIAL) (CSIC-UAM), Madrid, Spain.
  5. INRA, Nantes, France.
  6. Nestlé Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.
  7. Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
  8. Food and Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
  9. Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
  10. UMR-INRA-CEA, Service de Pharmacologie et d'Immunoanalyse, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
  11. Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands ; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
  12. Experimental Allergy Laboratory, DIAID, Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
  13. Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
  14. Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
  15. University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
  16. Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research, University of Zürich, Obere Strasse 22, 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland.

PMID: 27313841 PMCID: PMC4910256 DOI: 10.1186/s13601-016-0110-2

Abstract

Food allergy is a major health problem of increasing concern. The insufficiency of protein sources for human nutrition in a world with a growing population is also a significant problem. The introduction of new protein sources into the diet, such as newly developed innovative foods or foods produced using new technologies and production processes, insects, algae, duckweed, or agricultural products from third countries, creates the opportunity for development of new food allergies, and this in turn has driven the need to develop test methods capable of characterizing the allergenic potential of novel food proteins. There is no doubt that robust and reliable animal models for the identification and characterization of food allergens would be valuable tools for safety assessment. However, although various animal models have been proposed for this purpose, to date, none have been formally validated as predictive and none are currently suitable to test the allergenic potential of new foods. Here, the design of various animal models are reviewed, including among others considerations of species and strain, diet, route of administration, dose and formulation of the test protein, relevant controls and endpoints measured.

Keywords: Animal models; Food allergy; Hazard identification; Novel allergens

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