Display options
Cite
Rusnati M, Urbinati C, Bonifacio S, et al. Thrombospondin-1 as a Paradigm for the Development of Antiangiogenic Agents Endowed with Multiple Mechanisms of Action. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2010;3(4):1241-1278doi: 10.3390/ph3041241.
Rusnati, M., Urbinati, C., Bonifacio, S., Presta, M., & Taraboletti, G. (2010). Thrombospondin-1 as a Paradigm for the Development of Antiangiogenic Agents Endowed with Multiple Mechanisms of Action. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 3(4), 1241-1278. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph3041241
Rusnati, Marco, et al. "Thrombospondin-1 as a Paradigm for the Development of Antiangiogenic Agents Endowed with Multiple Mechanisms of Action." Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) vol. 3,4 (2010): 1241-1278. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ph3041241
Rusnati M, Urbinati C, Bonifacio S, Presta M, Taraboletti G. Thrombospondin-1 as a Paradigm for the Development of Antiangiogenic Agents Endowed with Multiple Mechanisms of Action. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2010 Apr 23;3(4):1241-1278. doi: 10.3390/ph3041241. PMID: 27713299; PMCID: PMC4034032.
Copy Download .nbib Format: NLM
Share it on

Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2010 Apr 23;3(4):1241-1278. doi: 10.3390/ph3041241.

Thrombospondin-1 as a Paradigm for the Development of Antiangiogenic Agents Endowed with Multiple Mechanisms of Action.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)

Marco Rusnati, Chiara Urbinati, Silvia Bonifacio, Marco Presta, Giulia Taraboletti

Affiliations

  1. Unit of General Pathology and Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, 25123, Italy. [email protected].
  2. Unit of General Pathology and Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, 25123, Italy. [email protected].
  3. Tumor Angiogenesis Unit, Department of Oncology, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Bergamo, Italy. [email protected].
  4. Unit of General Pathology and Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, School of Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, 25123, Italy. [email protected].
  5. Tumor Angiogenesis Unit, Department of Oncology, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Bergamo, Italy. [email protected].

PMID: 27713299 PMCID: PMC4034032 DOI: 10.3390/ph3041241

Abstract

Uncontrolled neovascularization occurs in several angiogenesis-dependent diseases, including cancer. Neovascularization is tightly controlled by the balance between angiogenic growth factors and antiangiogenic agents. The various natural angiogenesis inhibitors identified so far affect neovascularization by different mechanisms of action. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) is a matricellular modular glycoprotein that acts as a powerful endogenous inhibitor of angiogenesis. It acts both indirectly, by sequestering angiogenic growth factors and effectors in the extracellular environment, and directly, by inducing an antiangiogenic program in endothelial cells following engagement of specific receptors including CD36, CD47, integrins and proteoglycans (all involved in angiogenesis ). In view of its central, multifaceted role in angiogenesis, TSP-1 has served as a source of antiangiogenic tools, including TSP-1 fragments, synthetic peptides and peptidomimetics, gene therapy strategies, and agents that up-regulate TSP-1 expression. This review discusses TSP-1-based inhibitors of angiogenesis, their mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential, drawing our experience with angiogenic growth factor-interacting TSP-1 peptides, and the possibility of exploiting them to design novel antiangiogenic agents.

Keywords: angiogenesis; integrins; interactions; thrombospondin-1; tumor

References

  1. J Cell Biol. 1997 Aug 11;138(3):707-17 - PubMed
  2. Cancer Res. 1997 May 1;57(9):1735-42 - PubMed
  3. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2001 Nov 23;289(1):19-24 - PubMed
  4. Scand J Immunol. 2004 Jan;59(1):40-9 - PubMed
  5. Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2009 Mar;114(1):85-96 - PubMed
  6. Biochem J. 1997 Sep 15;326 ( Pt 3):709-16 - PubMed
  7. Endocrine. 2004 Jul;24(2):141-6 - PubMed
  8. J Biol Chem. 2003 Jun 27;278(26):23656-65 - PubMed
  9. Drug Discov Today. 2008 Nov;13(21-22):944-51 - PubMed
  10. J Biol Chem. 1997 Mar 7;272(10):6784-91 - PubMed
  11. Blood. 2002 Nov 1;100(9):3087-94 - PubMed
  12. Trends Cell Biol. 2001 Mar;11(3):130-5 - PubMed
  13. Blood. 2004 Jul 1;104(1):92-9 - PubMed
  14. Angiogenesis. 1999;3(2):147-58 - PubMed
  15. Nat Med. 2006 Jun;12 (6):642-9 - PubMed
  16. Cancer Gene Ther. 2002 Jan;9(1):28-36 - PubMed
  17. Curr Pharm Des. 2005;11(7):849-66 - PubMed
  18. J Biol Chem. 2004 Aug 13;279(33):34311-22 - PubMed
  19. Exp Cell Res. 2008 Aug 1;314(13):2323-33 - PubMed
  20. Exp Cell Res. 2005 Apr 15;305(1):221-32 - PubMed
  21. Oncogene. 2006 Jan 26;25(4):536-45 - PubMed
  22. Blood. 2004 Feb 15;103(4):1185-91 - PubMed
  23. FASEB J. 2000 Oct;14(13):1917-30 - PubMed
  24. Angiogenesis. 2002;5(4):257-65 - PubMed
  25. J Biol Chem. 1987 Oct 15;262(29):14090-9 - PubMed
  26. Clin Cancer Res. 2002 Dec;8(12):3910-21 - PubMed
  27. J Autoimmun. 2009 Mar;32(2):94-103 - PubMed
  28. Curr Med Chem. 2009;16(33):4399-418 - PubMed
  29. J Biol Chem. 2009 Oct 23;284(43):29905-20 - PubMed
  30. Cancer Res. 2007 Apr 15;67(8):3785-93 - PubMed
  31. J Invest Dermatol. 1990 Dec;95(6 Suppl):85S-89S - PubMed
  32. Circ Res. 2004 Feb 20;94(3):316-23 - PubMed
  33. Blood. 2009 Aug 27;114(9):1987-98 - PubMed
  34. Blood. 2009 Nov 12;114(20):4592-600 - PubMed
  35. Biochem J. 1999 Dec 1;344 Pt 2:281-92 - PubMed
  36. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2004 Jun;36(6):969-74 - PubMed
  37. Ann Oncol. 2006 Aug;17(8):1320-7 - PubMed
  38. J Cell Sci. 2003 Jul 15;116(Pt 14):2917-27 - PubMed
  39. Anticancer Res. 2009 Jun;29(6):2243-52 - PubMed
  40. Lab Invest. 1991 Jul;65(1):3-14 - PubMed
  41. Jpn J Cancer Res. 1994 May;85(5):522-9 - PubMed
  42. Blood. 2000 Jun 1;95(11):3403-11 - PubMed
  43. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Feb 15;89(4):1281-5 - PubMed
  44. J Clin Invest. 1987 Apr;79(4):1054-61 - PubMed
  45. Nat Med. 1995 Jan;1(1):27-31 - PubMed
  46. DNA Cell Biol. 2004 Jun;23(6):367-79 - PubMed
  47. J Cell Sci. 2008 Mar 15;121(Pt 6):784-95 - PubMed
  48. J Clin Invest. 1992 Nov;90(5):1857-63 - PubMed
  49. Int J Oncol. 2002 Jan;20(1):97-106 - PubMed
  50. Circ Res. 2007 May 11;100(9):1308-16 - PubMed
  51. Science. 1994 Sep 9;265(5178):1582-4 - PubMed
  52. Angiogenesis. 2006;9(4):225-30; discussion 231 - PubMed
  53. Thromb Haemost. 2004 Aug;92(2):403-12 - PubMed
  54. Cancer Res. 2001 Jan 15;61(2):526-31 - PubMed
  55. Exp Mol Pathol. 2009 Dec;87(3):184-8 - PubMed
  56. J Med Chem. 2006 Oct 19;49(21):6324-33 - PubMed
  57. EMBO J. 2003 Aug 15;22(16):4091-102 - PubMed
  58. Cytokine. 2000 Jul;12(7):1046-53 - PubMed
  59. Cancer Res. 2004 Nov 15;64(22):8262-70 - PubMed
  60. EMBO J. 2004 Mar 24;23 (6):1223-33 - PubMed
  61. Br J Cancer. 2008 May 20;98 (10 ):1619-29 - PubMed
  62. Cancer Res. 2007 Apr 15;67(8):3529-34 - PubMed
  63. J Biol Chem. 2004 Feb 6;279(6):4339-45 - PubMed
  64. FASEB J. 2000 Sep;14(12):1674-6 - PubMed
  65. J Biol Chem. 1993 Dec 15;268(35):26784-9 - PubMed
  66. Lab Invest. 1997 Jul;77(1):51-61 - PubMed
  67. J Biol Chem. 1999 Jan 1;274(1):430-7 - PubMed
  68. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2000 Apr;20(4):1006-12 - PubMed
  69. Nat Rev Cancer. 2009 Mar;9(3):182-94 - PubMed
  70. J Cell Sci. 2005 Mar 1;118(Pt 5):961-70 - PubMed
  71. Circ Res. 2008 Apr 25;102(8):933-41 - PubMed
  72. J Immunol. 2001 Feb 15;166(4):2427-36 - PubMed
  73. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2006 Sep;58(3):354-60 - PubMed
  74. Oncogene. 2001 Jun 7;20(26):3443-8 - PubMed
  75. J Biol Chem. 2001 Sep 21;276(38):35723-34 - PubMed
  76. Int J Clin Lab Res. 1996;26(1):15-23 - PubMed
  77. Mol Biol Cell. 2002 Oct;13(10):3546-59 - PubMed
  78. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2008;40(4):700-9 - PubMed
  79. J Cell Biol. 2005 Feb 14;168(4):643-53 - PubMed
  80. J Cell Commun Signal. 2009 Dec;3(3-4):189-200 - PubMed
  81. Menopause. 2004 Jan-Feb;11(1):82-8 - PubMed
  82. Immunol Lett. 1998 Nov;64(1):23-9 - PubMed
  83. Nat Med. 2000 Jan;6(1):41-8 - PubMed
  84. Leuk Res. 2003 Aug;27(8):701-8 - PubMed
  85. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1994;59:483-9 - PubMed
  86. Cancer Res. 2002 Apr 1;62(7):1944-7 - PubMed
  87. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Sep 16;105(37):13775-80 - PubMed
  88. Mol Cancer Ther. 2009 Jan;8(1):64-74 - PubMed
  89. J Biol Chem. 2004 Oct 1;279(40):41734-43 - PubMed
  90. Thromb Res. 2005;116(6):533-43 - PubMed
  91. FASEB J. 2009 Oct;23(10):3368-76 - PubMed
  92. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2000 Feb 1;374(1):13-23 - PubMed
  93. J Immunol. 1992 Jan 1;148(1):78-83 - PubMed
  94. Endothelium. 2006 Mar-Apr;13(2):93-111 - PubMed
  95. Mol Cell Biochem. 2009 Jan;320(1-2):25-33 - PubMed
  96. Mol Biol Cell. 1992 Feb;3(2):181-8 - PubMed
  97. Biochemistry. 1994 May 31;33(21):6531-7 - PubMed
  98. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2001 Sep;21(9):1427-33 - PubMed
  99. Mol Cancer Ther. 2006 Feb;5(2):467-75 - PubMed
  100. J Cell Biol. 1984 Feb;98(2):646-52 - PubMed
  101. J Cell Physiol. 2007 Mar;210(3):807-18 - PubMed
  102. Cancer Res. 2004 Feb 1;64(3):1026-36 - PubMed
  103. Blood. 2001 Jun 1;97(11):3450-7 - PubMed
  104. Am J Clin Oncol. 2007 Jun;30(3):303-9 - PubMed
  105. Am J Pathol. 2009 Sep;175(3):1136-47 - PubMed
  106. J Clin Oncol. 2005 Aug 1;23(22):5188-97 - PubMed
  107. Br J Cancer. 2008 Apr 22;98 (8):1312-9 - PubMed
  108. Life Sci. 2008 Feb 13;82(7-8):376-82 - PubMed
  109. Vasc Med. 2004 May;9(3):205-13 - PubMed
  110. J Biol Chem. 2010 Mar 19;285(12):8733-42 - PubMed
  111. J Biol Chem. 2000 Oct 13;275(41):32167-73 - PubMed
  112. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2006;38(12):2219-28 - PubMed
  113. J Biol Chem. 2003 Oct 17;278(42):40679-87 - PubMed
  114. Clin Cancer Res. 2007 Nov 15;13(22 Pt 1):6689-95 - PubMed
  115. Int J Exp Pathol. 2000 Jun;81(3):191-8 - PubMed
  116. Cancer Lett. 2008 Oct 18;270(1):156-63 - PubMed
  117. Eur J Cancer. 2006 Mar;42(4):467-72 - PubMed
  118. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Jul 21;106(29):12115-20 - PubMed
  119. Exp Mol Med. 2001 Sep 30;33(3):117-23 - PubMed
  120. J Exp Med. 1998 Dec 21;188(12):2349-56 - PubMed
  121. J Biol Chem. 2000 Mar 31;275(13):9396-402 - PubMed
  122. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Apr 6;101(14):4833-8 - PubMed
  123. Semin Thromb Hemost. 2004 Jun;30(3):379-85 - PubMed
  124. J Cell Biol. 1996 Oct;135(2):533-44 - PubMed
  125. Clin Cancer Res. 2003 May;9(5):1734-40 - PubMed
  126. J Biol Chem. 2000 Sep 1;275(35):26806-11 - PubMed
  127. Anticancer Res. 2005 Mar-Apr;25(2A):757-64 - PubMed
  128. Thromb Haemost. 1994 Dec;72(6):787-92 - PubMed
  129. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2004 Jun;36(6):1102-14 - PubMed
  130. Mol Biol Cell. 2008 Feb;19(2):563-71 - PubMed
  131. Circ Res. 2004 Mar 5;94(4):462-70 - PubMed
  132. EMBO J. 2006 Nov 15;25(22):5270-83 - PubMed
  133. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Jan 22;105(3):985-90 - PubMed
  134. J Clin Invest. 1984 Nov;74(5):1625-33 - PubMed
  135. J Immunol. 2009 Sep 15;183(6):3616-24 - PubMed
  136. Clin Cancer Res. 2004 Jul 15;10(14):4813-21 - PubMed
  137. Cell Death Differ. 2005 Jun;12(6):649-58 - PubMed
  138. Matrix Biol. 2002 Jun;21(4):311-24 - PubMed
  139. J Biol Chem. 1998 Nov 6;273(45):29635-40 - PubMed
  140. J Biol Chem. 1992 Jan 25;267(3):1470-6 - PubMed
  141. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2008 Oct 1;478(1):103-9 - PubMed
  142. Int J Cancer. 2001 Nov;94(4):508-12 - PubMed
  143. Cancer. 2008 Dec 15;113(12):3420-9 - PubMed
  144. J Biol Chem. 2001 Mar 16;276(11):8403-8 - PubMed
  145. Blood. 2003 Dec 15;102(13):4399-406 - PubMed
  146. Cancer Res. 2004 Mar 1;64(5):1570-4 - PubMed
  147. Mol Biol Cell. 2000 Sep;11(9):2885-900 - PubMed
  148. Mol Cells. 2003 Aug 31;16(1):92-6 - PubMed
  149. Cell. 1982 Nov;31(1):253-62 - PubMed
  150. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Oct 17;103(42):15422-7 - PubMed
  151. Int J Mol Med. 2004 Nov;14(5):849-54 - PubMed
  152. Biochemistry. 1994 Nov 22;33(46):13918-27 - PubMed
  153. Int J Cancer. 2002 Apr 10;98(5):682-9 - PubMed
  154. J Biol Chem. 1990 Jul 5;265(19):11289-94 - PubMed
  155. Cancer Res. 2005 May 15;65(10):3967-79 - PubMed
  156. PLoS One. 2009 Aug 31;4(8):e6840 - PubMed
  157. Exp Cell Res. 1999 Nov 1;252(2):262-72 - PubMed
  158. Biopolymers. 2007;88(5):657-86 - PubMed
  159. Nature. 1986 Aug 14-20;322(6080):641-4 - PubMed
  160. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2005 Apr;16(2):159-78 - PubMed
  161. Blood. 2006 Feb 1;107(3):955-64 - PubMed
  162. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 2005 Oct;12(10):910-4 - PubMed
  163. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2004 Feb;286(2):F278-87 - PubMed
  164. J Cell Sci. 2002 Sep 1;115(Pt 17):3427-38 - PubMed
  165. Cancer Res. 2008 Sep 1;68(17):7090-9 - PubMed
  166. Biochemistry. 1992 Feb 4;31(4):1173-80 - PubMed
  167. Life Sci. 2004 Apr 30;74(24):2975-85 - PubMed
  168. J Biol Chem. 1999 Aug 20;274(34):24080-6 - PubMed
  169. Connect Tissue Res. 2008;49(3):257-60 - PubMed
  170. J Biol Chem. 2002 Jan 11;277(2):1284-91 - PubMed
  171. FASEB J. 2002 Feb;16(2):219-21 - PubMed
  172. Int J Cancer. 2001 Nov 1;94(3):314-21 - PubMed
  173. J Cell Biochem. 1993 Sep;53(1):74-84 - PubMed
  174. J Cell Biol. 2003 Jun 23;161(6):1179-89 - PubMed
  175. Regul Pept. 1993 Oct 20;48(1-2):267-78 - PubMed
  176. J Biol Chem. 1996 Jan 5;271(1):21-4 - PubMed
  177. Cancer Res. 2005 Feb 15;65(4):1414-24 - PubMed
  178. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Oct 20;106(42):17769-74 - PubMed
  179. J Surg Res. 1999 Apr;82(2):331-8 - PubMed
  180. J Cell Biol. 1993 Jul;122(2):497-511 - PubMed
  181. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Sep 16;105(37):14082-7 - PubMed
  182. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2002 Sep 4;94(17):1311-9 - PubMed
  183. Thromb Res. 2003 Jan 1;109(1):47-54 - PubMed
  184. EMBO J. 2001 Oct 15;20(20):5543-55 - PubMed
  185. Clin Cancer Res. 2006 Dec 15;12(24):7456-64 - PubMed
  186. Genes Dev. 2006 Aug 1;20(15):2082-95 - PubMed
  187. Nat Genet. 2006 Sep;38(9):1060-5 - PubMed
  188. Biochem J. 2007 May 15;404(1):45-50 - PubMed
  189. J Surg Res. 2009 Sep;156(1):155-60 - PubMed
  190. Endothelium. 2007 Jul-Oct;14(4-5):233-8 - PubMed
  191. Int J Cancer. 2009 Sep 1;125(5):1045-53 - PubMed
  192. Nature. 2000 Sep 14;407(6801):249-57 - PubMed
  193. Exp Cell Res. 1997 Sep 15;235(2):403-12 - PubMed
  194. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2008;40(9):1890-900 - PubMed
  195. Exp Cell Res. 2005 Mar 10;304(1):187-201 - PubMed
  196. J Hematol Oncol. 2008 Oct 29;1:20 - PubMed
  197. J Biol Chem. 2006 Aug 11;281(32):22605-13 - PubMed
  198. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2004 Jun;36(6):1090-101 - PubMed
  199. J Gastrointest Cancer. 2008;39(1-4):149-58 - PubMed
  200. J Cell Physiol. 2008 Mar;214(3):828-37 - PubMed
  201. Nat Cell Biol. 2002 Nov;4(11):850-8 - PubMed
  202. J Biol Chem. 2009 Aug 14;284(33):22029-40 - PubMed
  203. FASEB J. 2005 Oct;19(12):1713-5 - PubMed
  204. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2009 May;296(5):H1344-51 - PubMed
  205. Fertil Steril. 2003 Jun;79(6):1409-15 - PubMed
  206. Matrix Biol. 2002 Aug;21(5):441-8 - PubMed
  207. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2006 Jun 16;344(4):1284-9 - PubMed
  208. Clin Cancer Res. 2000 May;6(5):1900-8 - PubMed
  209. Science. 1995 Jan 20;267(5196):383-6 - PubMed
  210. Thromb Haemost. 1998 Jun;79(6):1191-8 - PubMed
  211. Cancer Res. 2005 Oct 15;65(20):9338-46 - PubMed
  212. Circ Res. 2004 Apr 2;94(6):735-42 - PubMed
  213. Mol Biol Cell. 1999 Feb;10(2):313-27 - PubMed
  214. J Cell Biol. 1990 Aug;111(2):743-55 - PubMed
  215. Exp Mol Med. 2007 Jun 30;39(3):402-11 - PubMed
  216. Oncogene. 2004 Apr 29;23(20):3642-9 - PubMed
  217. Biochem J. 1993 Feb 1;289 ( Pt 3):903-9 - PubMed
  218. Clin Cancer Res. 2005 Mar 15;11(6):2337-44 - PubMed
  219. J Cell Physiol. 2009 Jan;218(1):94-103 - PubMed
  220. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Oct 23;98(22):12485-90 - PubMed
  221. Cancer Biol Ther. 2007 Mar;6(3):454-62 - PubMed
  222. J Cell Biochem. 1997 Oct 1;67(1):75-83 - PubMed
  223. Am J Pathol. 2004 Aug;165(2):541-52 - PubMed
  224. Oncogene. 2005 May 19;24(22):3632-42 - PubMed
  225. Curr Pharm Des. 2007;13(20):2074-86 - PubMed
  226. Oncogene. 2004 Mar 4;23(9):1745-53 - PubMed
  227. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2008 Mar;23(3):297-304 - PubMed
  228. J Cell Biol. 2002 Apr 29;157(3):509-19 - PubMed
  229. Cancer Lett. 2007 Mar 8;247(1):143-9 - PubMed
  230. Eur J Cell Biol. 2004 Jan;82(12):597-604 - PubMed
  231. Blood. 1996 May 1;87(9):3877-82 - PubMed
  232. Cell Growth Differ. 1997 Apr;8(4):471-9 - PubMed
  233. J Pathol. 1999 May;188(1):76-81 - PubMed
  234. J Cell Biol. 1987 May;104(5):1413-22 - PubMed
  235. J Biol Chem. 1995 Mar 31;270(13):7304-10 - PubMed
  236. Blood. 2002 Nov 1;100(9):3245-52 - PubMed
  237. Cytokine. 2005 Jun 7;30(5):248-53 - PubMed
  238. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Sep 17;99(19):12224-9 - PubMed
  239. Circulation. 1999 Sep 28;100(13):1423-31 - PubMed
  240. Neoplasia. 1999 Nov;1(5):438-45 - PubMed
  241. Structure. 2006 Jan;14(1):33-42 - PubMed
  242. J Pept Res. 1997 Sep;50(3):210-21 - PubMed
  243. J Exp Med. 1995 Jul 1;182(1):155-62 - PubMed
  244. Cancer Res. 2004 Oct 15;64(20):7507-12 - PubMed
  245. Neoplasia. 2009 Dec;11(12):1285-91 - PubMed
  246. Blood. 2005 Jul 15;106(2):658-67 - PubMed
  247. J Cell Biochem. 2004 May 1;92(1):125-46 - PubMed
  248. Horm Res. 1996;45(3-5):227-32 - PubMed
  249. Cancer Res. 2001 Nov 1;61(21):7830-9 - PubMed
  250. Cardiovasc Res. 2001 Sep;51(4):784-91 - PubMed
  251. Cancer Res. 2007 Feb 15;67(4):1716-24 - PubMed
  252. J Biol Chem. 1997 Apr 25;272(17):11313-20 - PubMed
  253. J Clin Oncol. 2008 Dec 1;26(34):5583-8 - PubMed
  254. J Cell Physiol. 2005 May;203(2):328-34 - PubMed
  255. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2001 Mar;21(3):433-8 - PubMed
  256. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2006 Oct;1763(10):1125-34 - PubMed
  257. J Biol Chem. 1993 Oct 15;268(29):21811-8 - PubMed
  258. Biochemistry. 1986 Sep 23;25(19):5667-73 - PubMed
  259. Nature. 2007 Dec 13;450(7172):1001-9 - PubMed
  260. J Biol Chem. 1985 Aug 25;260(18):10346-52 - PubMed
  261. J Med Chem. 2005 Apr 21;48(8):2838-46 - PubMed
  262. Eur J Biochem. 1984 Nov 15;145(1):151-6 - PubMed
  263. J Pediatr Surg. 2003 Sep;38(9):1296-304 - PubMed
  264. Int J Mol Med. 2003 Dec;12(6):995-1001 - PubMed
  265. Mol Pharmacol. 1999 Feb;55(2):332-8 - PubMed
  266. Blood. 2004 Jan 15;103(2):601-6 - PubMed
  267. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2004 Jun;36(6):1070-8 - PubMed
  268. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1999 Oct;40(11):2498-505 - PubMed
  269. Blood. 2002 Oct 15;100(8):2832-8 - PubMed
  270. FEBS Lett. 2003 Jun 5;544(1-3):240-5 - PubMed
  271. Clin Cancer Res. 2007 Jul 1;13(13):3968-76 - PubMed
  272. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Oct 28;100(22):12917-22 - PubMed
  273. Cancer Res. 2004 Feb 1;64(3):1008-15 - PubMed
  274. J Biol Chem. 2000 Oct 13;275(41):31715-21 - PubMed
  275. J Vasc Res. 1999 Jan-Feb;36(1):28-34 - PubMed
  276. Am J Pathol. 1996 Sep;149(3):805-19 - PubMed
  277. J Biol Chem. 1986 Jan 15;261(2):862-8 - PubMed
  278. Cell Commun Adhes. 2003 Jul-Dec;10 (4-6):387-93 - PubMed
  279. J Clin Invest. 1985 Jun;75(6):2065-73 - PubMed
  280. J Biol Chem. 2004 Nov 12;279(46):47633-42 - PubMed

Publication Types