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Seidman JC, Johnson LB, Levens J, et al. Longitudinal Comparison of Antibiotic Resistance in Diarrheagenic and Non-pathogenic Escherichia coli from Young Tanzanian Children. Front Microbiol. 2016;7:1420doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01420.
Seidman, J. C., Johnson, L. B., Levens, J., Mkocha, H., Muñoz, B., Silbergeld, E. K., West, S. K., & Coles, C. L. (2016). Longitudinal Comparison of Antibiotic Resistance in Diarrheagenic and Non-pathogenic Escherichia coli from Young Tanzanian Children. Frontiers in microbiology, 71420. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01420
Seidman, Jessica C, et al. "Longitudinal Comparison of Antibiotic Resistance in Diarrheagenic and Non-pathogenic Escherichia coli from Young Tanzanian Children." Frontiers in microbiology vol. 7 (2016): 1420. doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2016.01420
Seidman JC, Johnson LB, Levens J, Mkocha H, Muñoz B, Silbergeld EK, West SK, Coles CL. Longitudinal Comparison of Antibiotic Resistance in Diarrheagenic and Non-pathogenic Escherichia coli from Young Tanzanian Children. Front Microbiol. 2016 Sep 07;7:1420. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01420. eCollection 2016. PMID: 27656179; PMCID: PMC5013055.
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Front Microbiol. 2016 Sep 07;7:1420. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01420. eCollection 2016.

Longitudinal Comparison of Antibiotic Resistance in Diarrheagenic and Non-pathogenic Escherichia coli from Young Tanzanian Children.

Frontiers in microbiology

Jessica C Seidman, Lashaunda B Johnson, Joshua Levens, Harran Mkocha, Beatriz Muñoz, Ellen K Silbergeld, Sheila K West, Christian L Coles

Affiliations

  1. Division of International Epidemiology and Population Studies, Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA.
  2. Biology Department, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD USA.
  3. CTS Global, Dar es Salaam Tanzania.
  4. Kongwa Trachoma Project, Kongwa Tanzania.
  5. Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA.
  6. Department of Environmental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD USA.
  7. Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD USA.

PMID: 27656179 PMCID: PMC5013055 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01420

Abstract

Enteroaggregative, enteropathogenic, and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli contribute significantly to the burden of diarrheal infections particularly in developing countries. Antibiotic resistance is increasingly common among bacterial pathogens including pathogenic E. coli. We assessed the relationship between pathogenic E. coli carriage and resistance to six antibiotics in E. coli isolated from young children in rural Tanzania. We surveyed temporal stability in antibiotic resistance in 2492 E. coli isolated from fecal samples obtained from young children in rural Tanzania collected over a 6 months period. Approximately half of the 377 children sampled were exposed to an azithromycin mass treatment program for trachoma control and half resided in control villages. Children were sampled at baseline, 1-, 3-, and 6 months following azithromycin treatment. We compared resistance to six antibiotics in pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains at the population level, within fecal specimens, and within individuals over time using chi-square tests, paired odds ratios, and logistic regression, respectively. Resistance to ampicillin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was highly prevalent (>65%). Resistance to 5 of 6 antibiotics tested and multi-drug resistance occurred more frequently in pathogenic isolates (p ≤ 0.001) within fecal specimens and overall. Azithromycin mass treatment exposure was significantly associated with increased odds of carriage of isolates resistant to erythromycin (OR 3.64, p < 0.001) and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (OR 1.60, p < 0.05). Pathogenic isolates were approximately twice as likely to be resistant to erythromycin, ampicillin, or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole compared to non-pathogenic isolates from the same fecal specimen. The potential linkage between resistance and virulence in E. coli suggests hygiene and sanitation interventions aimed at reducing disease burden could play a role in controlling transmission of antibiotic resistance.

Keywords: Tanzania; antibiotic resistance; children; diarrheagenic E. coli; non-pathogenic E. coli

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