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Thode AM, Blackwell SB, Seger KD, et al. Source level and calling depth distributions of migrating bowhead whale calls in the shallow Beaufort Sea. J Acoust Soc Am. 2016;140(6):4288doi: 10.1121/1.4968853.
Thode, A. M., Blackwell, S. B., Seger, K. D., Conrad, A. S., Kim, K. H., & Michael Macrander, A. (2016). Source level and calling depth distributions of migrating bowhead whale calls in the shallow Beaufort Sea. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 140(6), 4288. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.4968853
Thode, Aaron M, et al. "Source level and calling depth distributions of migrating bowhead whale calls in the shallow Beaufort Sea." The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America vol. 140,6 (2016): 4288. doi: https://doi.org/10.1121/1.4968853
Thode AM, Blackwell SB, Seger KD, Conrad AS, Kim KH, Michael Macrander A. Source level and calling depth distributions of migrating bowhead whale calls in the shallow Beaufort Sea. J Acoust Soc Am. 2016 Dec;140(6):4288. doi: 10.1121/1.4968853. PMID: 28040014.
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J Acoust Soc Am. 2016 Dec;140(6):4288. doi: 10.1121/1.4968853.

Source level and calling depth distributions of migrating bowhead whale calls in the shallow Beaufort Sea.

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

Aaron M Thode, Susanna B Blackwell, Kerri D Seger, Alex S Conrad, Katherine H Kim, A Michael Macrander

Affiliations

  1. Marine Physical Laboratory, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0238, USA.
  2. Greeneridge Sciences, Incorporated, 90 Arnold Place, Suite D, Santa Barbara, California 93117, USA.
  3. University of New Hampshire, 24 Colovos Road, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA.
  4. Shell Exploration and Production Company, 3601?C Street, Anchorage, Alaska 99503, USA.

PMID: 28040014 DOI: 10.1121/1.4968853

Abstract

Automated and manual acoustic localizations of migrating bowhead whales were used to estimate source level and calling depth distributions of their frequency-modulated-modulated calls over seven years between 2008 and 2014. Whale positions were initially triangulated using directional autonomous seafloor acoustic recorders, deployed between 25 and 55 m water depth near Kaktovik, Alaska, during the fall westward migration. Calling depths were estimated by minimizing the "discrepancy" between source level estimates from at least three recorders detecting the same call. Applying a detailed waveguide propagation model to the data yielded broadband source levels of 161 ± 9 dB re 1 μPa

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