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Cullen PL, Cox KM, Bin Subhan MK, et al. Ionic solutions of two-dimensional materials. Nat Chem. 2016;9(3):244-249doi: 10.1038/nchem.2650.
Cullen, P. L., Cox, K. M., Bin Subhan, M. K., Picco, L., Payton, O. D., Buckley, D. J., Miller, T. S., Hodge, S. A., Skipper, N. T., Tileli, V., & Howard, C. A. (2017). Ionic solutions of two-dimensional materials. Nature chemistry, 9(3), 244-249. https://doi.org/10.1038/nchem.2650
Cullen, Patrick L, et al. "Ionic solutions of two-dimensional materials." Nature chemistry vol. 9,3 (2017): 244-249. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/nchem.2650
Cullen PL, Cox KM, Bin Subhan MK, Picco L, Payton OD, Buckley DJ, Miller TS, Hodge SA, Skipper NT, Tileli V, Howard CA. Ionic solutions of two-dimensional materials. Nat Chem. 2017 Mar;9(3):244-249. doi: 10.1038/nchem.2650. Epub 2016 Nov 21. PMID: 28221358.
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Nat Chem. 2017 Mar;9(3):244-249. doi: 10.1038/nchem.2650. Epub 2016 Nov 21.

Ionic solutions of two-dimensional materials.

Nature chemistry

Patrick L Cullen, Kathleen M Cox, Mohammed K Bin Subhan, Loren Picco, Oliver D Payton, David J Buckley, Thomas S Miller, Stephen A Hodge, Neal T Skipper, Vasiliki Tileli, Christopher A Howard

Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics &Astronomy, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
  2. Interface Analysis Centre, H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, Tyndall Avenue, Bristol BS8 1TL, UK.
  3. Department of Chemistry, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
  4. Cambridge Graphene Centre, 9 JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0FA, UK.
  5. Institute of Materials, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.

PMID: 28221358 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2650

Abstract

Strategies for forming liquid dispersions of nanomaterials typically focus on retarding reaggregation, for example via surface modification, as opposed to promoting the thermodynamically driven dissolution common for molecule-sized species. Here we demonstrate the true dissolution of a wide range of important 2D nanomaterials by forming layered material salts that spontaneously dissolve in polar solvents yielding ionic solutions. The benign dissolution advantageously maintains the morphology of the starting material, is stable against reaggregation and can achieve solutions containing exclusively individualized monolayers. Importantly, the charge on the anionic nanosheet solutes is reversible, enables targeted deposition over large areas via electroplating and can initiate novel self-assembly upon drying. Our findings thus reveal a unique solution-like behaviour for 2D materials that enables their scalable production and controlled manipulation.

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