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Loonen AJM, Ivanova SA. Commentary on "A non-reward attractor theory of depression": A proposal to include the habenula connection. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2017;83:736-741doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.02.007.
Loonen, A. J. M., & Ivanova, S. A. (2017). Commentary on "A non-reward attractor theory of depression": A proposal to include the habenula connection. Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews, 83736-741. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.02.007
Loonen, Anton J M, and Ivanova, Svetlana A. "Commentary on "A non-reward attractor theory of depression": A proposal to include the habenula connection." Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews vol. 83 (2017): 736-741. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.02.007
Loonen AJM, Ivanova SA. Commentary on "A non-reward attractor theory of depression": A proposal to include the habenula connection. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2017 Dec;83:736-741. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.02.007. Epub 2017 Feb 21. PMID: 28232092.
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Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2017 Dec;83:736-741. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.02.007. Epub 2017 Feb 21.

Commentary on "A non-reward attractor theory of depression": A proposal to include the habenula connection.

Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews

Anton J M Loonen, Svetlana A Ivanova

Affiliations

  1. Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Unit of PharmacoTherapy, - Epidemiology & - Economics, Department of Pharmacy, University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands. Electronic address: [email protected].
  2. Mental Health Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Aleutskaya str., 4, 634014 Tomsk, Russian Federation. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 28232092 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.02.007

Abstract

The non-reward attractor theory of depression describes this mood disorder as originating from a neuronal dysfunction that arises from increased vulnerability of a cortical network that detects failure to receive an expected reward. From an evolutionary standpoint, the concept that the cerebral cortex determines susceptibility to mood disorders is open to criticism. Instead, using the regulation of reward-seeking, and aversive events-avoiding behaviours of the earliest vertebrates as a start point, the authors have developed a theory of depression in which subcortical regulatory systems that involve the lateral and medial habenula, respectively, play a critical role in regulating these behaviours, and susceptibility to depressive symptoms. As these anatomical structures are well conserved through the evolution of early vertebrates to humans, the authors propose that this subcortical system remains operative. Integrating the evidence that supports the non-attractor theory of depression with this model of a subcortical regulation of behaviour, could offer fresh clues as to how psychological and biological factors interact to cause depression, as well as other mood and anxiety disorders.

Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Keywords: Depression; Habenula; Mechanism; Non-reward attractor theory; Orbitofrontal cortex

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