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Jokinen T, Kontkanen J, Lehtipalo K, et al. Solar eclipse demonstrating the importance of photochemistry in new particle formation. Sci Rep. 2017;7:45707doi: 10.1038/srep45707.
Jokinen, T., Kontkanen, J., Lehtipalo, K., Manninen, H. E., Aalto, J., Porcar-Castell, A., Garmash, O., Nieminen, T., Ehn, M., Kangasluoma, J., Junninen, H., Levula, J., Duplissy, J., Ahonen, L. R., Rantala, P., Heikkinen, L., Yan, C., Sipilä, M., Worsnop, D. R., Bäck, J., Petäjä, T., Kerminen, V. M., & Kulmala, M. (2017). Solar eclipse demonstrating the importance of photochemistry in new particle formation. Scientific reports, 745707. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep45707
Jokinen, Tuija, et al. "Solar eclipse demonstrating the importance of photochemistry in new particle formation." Scientific reports vol. 7 (2017): 45707. doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/srep45707
Jokinen T, Kontkanen J, Lehtipalo K, Manninen HE, Aalto J, Porcar-Castell A, Garmash O, Nieminen T, Ehn M, Kangasluoma J, Junninen H, Levula J, Duplissy J, Ahonen LR, Rantala P, Heikkinen L, Yan C, Sipilä M, Worsnop DR, Bäck J, Petäjä T, Kerminen VM, Kulmala M. Solar eclipse demonstrating the importance of photochemistry in new particle formation. Sci Rep. 2017 Apr 04;7:45707. doi: 10.1038/srep45707. PMID: 28374761; PMCID: PMC5379550.
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Sci Rep. 2017 Apr 04;7:45707. doi: 10.1038/srep45707.

Solar eclipse demonstrating the importance of photochemistry in new particle formation.

Scientific reports

Tuija Jokinen, Jenni Kontkanen, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Hanna E Manninen, Juho Aalto, Albert Porcar-Castell, Olga Garmash, Tuomo Nieminen, Mikael Ehn, Juha Kangasluoma, Heikki Junninen, Janne Levula, Jonathan Duplissy, Lauri R Ahonen, Pekka Rantala, Liine Heikkinen, Chao Yan, Mikko Sipilä, Douglas R Worsnop, Jaana Bäck, Tuukka Petäjä, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Markku Kulmala

Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
  2. Paul Scherrer Institute, 5232 Villigen - PSI, Switzerland.
  3. Department of Forest Sciences, P.O. Box 27, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
  4. Hyytiälä Forestry Field Station, Hyytiäläntie 124, FIN-35500 Korkeakoski, Finland.
  5. Aerodyne Research Inc., Billerica, Massachusetts 01821, USA.

PMID: 28374761 PMCID: PMC5379550 DOI: 10.1038/srep45707

Abstract

Solar eclipses provide unique possibilities to investigate atmospheric processes, such as new particle formation (NPF), important to the global aerosol load and radiative balance. The temporary absence of solar radiation gives particular insight into different oxidation and clustering processes leading to NPF. This is crucial because our mechanistic understanding on how NPF is related to photochemistry is still rather limited. During a partial solar eclipse over Finland in 2015, we found that this phenomenon had prominent effects on atmospheric on-going NPF. During the eclipse, the sources of aerosol precursor gases, such as sulphuric acid and nitrogen- containing highly oxidised organic compounds, decreased considerably, which was followed by a reduced formation of small clusters and nanoparticles and thus termination of NPF. After the eclipse, aerosol precursor molecule concentrations recovered and re-initiated NPF. Our results provide direct evidence on the key role of the photochemical production of sulphuric acid and highly oxidized organic compounds in maintaining atmospheric NPF. Our results also explain the rare occurrence of this phenomenon under dark conditions, as well as its seemingly weak connection with atmospheric ions.

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